Blood Bank

riptide avow Although there are any complicated instruments in the slant lodge department, but its a very important and sensitive incision of the medical laboratory as it deals with sponsors and acceptors of the kind, it transfer for leukemia and thalasemia unhurrieds, new born and pubic louse patients and so many cases declension bank cede their lives. Tests that are carried in this department 1- Some examinations, which included donated free of diseases, serology trials 2- line of business hosting 3- rhesus monkey factorRh 4- postulate & indirect coombs turn up 5- cross duplicate 1-serology testsTo ensure that donated free of infectious diseases as HIV, Hbs, VDRL These tests are rabid tests using a card pic 2- transmission line sort outing Red rip cells make up on their surface on Ag A,B, and the assimilate their antibodies in the serum on the alike(p) rosy-cheeked c carmineit line cells. That means, that every inventory root can give a specific other g roup and foregather also from a specific one in order to avert agglutination and so stemma clotting. pic Method 1 On a slide assign deuce fling offs of tune- -Add a stray of anti A on the first birth drop, and a drop af anti B on the second simple eye drop mix and wait for 2 minutes take down the agglutination if happened with anti A the downslope group is A pic You can use a test metro alternatively of the slide, and then put the tubes in the cartridge extractor and watch the agglutination undercoat 3- Rhesus factor Rh Is a complex antigen D put on the departure blood cells and has its anti in the serum of the blood. 85 % are Rh + which has D in their blood Its very weighty if persons, which are Rh minus received Rh positive it makes agglutinations, and whitethorn head up to death. Method -As in the blood grouping -Put a drop of blood + a drop of anti D Mix to appropriateher, observe the agglutination -If found any agglutinations, its Rh positive. -direct & in direct coombs test This test is carried out to detect the forepart of in hump antibodies, which would react with double of complete antigen making a clot. And these are very serious and dangerous cases. A- direct coombs test Detect antibodies reactive with RBCs and conjoined Bhaotkon these objects is incomplete and non have the ability to cause coagulation solo and shows Taktherha only after the access of serum Coombs. This test is very important in diagnosis many cases, the most popular is Hemolytic anemia of new born, lead poisoning, some drugs, inherited hemolytic anemia.Method -Add drops of blood in a test tube and wash using saline 2-3 time( wash as the sound out means, add saline to the blood and finished the filtrate 2-3 times making a bloody suspension) add 2 drops to the washed Rbcs, and put the tube in the centifuge examine the formation of any agglutination first with nacked eyeball then using microscope. if found its a positive coombs test B- indirect coombs t est to detect the presence of free antigens in the blood, not attached to flushed blood cells. Method prepare a hear of blood group O+ and wash with saline 2-3 times 2- put drops of patient serum in a test tube, add 2 drops of washed O+ blood 3- put in a water supply bath for 40-60 minutes 4- after 50 minutes add bovine serum albumin to the tube 5- wash again with saline 3-4 times 6- add 2 drops of coombs anti human globuline, and then put into centrifuge 7- observe the presence of agglutination 8- if found before add coombs reagent = presence of anti D 9- If found after add coombs reagent= presence of incomplete anti D 10- If not found at all= negative test. pic -cross matching The cross matching test is very important in case of blood transfusion from donors to acceptors as the blood group and Rh should be alike to each other. So sample of blood of donor and acceptor is added to each other and checking for any formation of clotting, if found that indicates that they are not suitable for each other At first the blood group and the Rh fiber is detected before carring out the cross matching, and they should be identical Simply add drop of donor blood + drop of acceptor blood and mix strong and watch for agglutinations makeIf any agglutination formed thats means the donor and acceptor blood are not identical The figure below explain the procedure briefly. pic Blood bags colors For tutelage blood bags colors are as follows Red is the color of blood is employ to save the symbol (o) Yellow color is used to save the blood of case (a) Green color is used to save the blood of type (b) Blue color is used to save the blood of the type (ab) This poster, which shows color should clarify the patients name and for retentiveness the blood bag and the type of preservative and temperature required to save the blood and the name of the hospital blood and date of preparation.Anticoagulants used in blood bags Is non-clotting materials added to the blood bags Blood c lench These materials vary its chemical content, which in turn affect the conclusion of keeping the blood. 1 Material CPD It knows its components citrate phosphate dextrose and that preserve blood for 21 days after mixing blood, under colder than 2-6 degrees Celsius. 2 clause CPDA They are the materials the previous addition of adenine, which in turn unbroken the blood for 29 days in the same previous methods. 3 bind CPDA-I This article reservation blood for 35 days ,save the whole blood.These lead materials used amount of 63 cm ? full whole of blood is added about 400-450 cm ? of whole blood by withdrawing blood from the donor. Where that blood saves temperatures of 2-6 degrees Celsius private refrigerators to save the blood. 4 SAG-M material or substance ADSOL used to save the concentrated red blood cells for a period of 42 days degrees cooler than 2-6 degrees Celsius. This method using a 100 cm ? the sag-m or ADSOL be present unit separate from the whole blood units and co nnected pipe tight and sterile.As the blood drawn from the donor and mixes unsmooth CPD usual and after by the apartheid regime through centrifugal army refrigerated centrifugation separates blood plasma to the unit empty neighboring unit blood then keep red blood cells concentrated alone which are added directly 100 cm ? of the foregoing adsol / sag-m to keep red blood cells to centralize for a period of 42 days. 5 oblige Djileerool glycerol Reservation concentrated red blood cells for a period of 15 years or more and under cooler from 65 to 200 degrees Celsius below zero.This modern way used to freeze red blood cells concentrated from rare species or negative and is dissolving blood frozen after that when usage and the need for washing cells red, textured saline-glucose rootage to remove material Djileerool of blood and then later used these red blood cells to patients. The means of blood plasma and sludge near, it is frozen in freezers less degree cold out to about 30 to 3 5 degrees below zero and one year AD full, but thrombocytes, they kept for five days in a continuous motion to preserve damage, and the degree of conservation of 20-22 degrees Celsius.Types of Blood Transfusion Blood Transfusion secure blood transfusion whole blood The simplest kinds of transport where blood is interpreted from the donor and kept in the fridge at a temperature nearly to almost 8 degrees. Which is used during times of emergency, But loses its anti-bleeding elements. Transfer plasma As we know consists of blood red blood cells + plasma If red blood cells transport oxygen. The tasks of the plasma containing elements thwart blood clots. And thus depart be useful for many patients and gives better results and faster as patients liver.As well as a pint of pure plasma is easier on the bole of a mixed-liter of whole blood. Transfer platelets It is relatively more expensive and postulate modern major hospitals. Or be separated manually through lab technician but needs a sterile room at 100%, which may be difficult to get it continuously. The mean platelet extract only from the donor and returned the rest of the blood plasma + erythrocytes donated to the same moment. It is suitable for patients who suffer from a shortage of blood platelets, which help be restored wounds. Refrigerators Blood Bank You will find two types of refrigerators refrigerators for keeping blood bags full whole blood And often have gate vaporish glass shelves. Each rack of a particular department or certain species. There is, for example, a special rack Balveselh A-or there is a special rack, Department of Orthopedic.. Each section has a share of the blood bags. There is a special rack emergency. Wharf special scanty given any section. Refrigerator temperature appears on a small(a) digital screen. In addition, the average temperature of 8 degrees Celsius. 2 refrigerators to save plasma bags temperature of about 43 below zero ..Because plasma contain elements prevent ic ing and prevent bleeding and proteins need to lower temperatures to save Blood transfusion bags Per bag hose blogger called tube, Recorded in the disk Blood Bank. As an example No. This bag is hose 123456a .. And on each paper bag writable. Adzun name of the donor and the name of the patient and taking blood and blood. Daily and periodically examine the table of contents of refrigerators of blood bags and review its date. In the event of termination validity blood bag is left out of order execution of instrument .. Blood bags execution Be executed get rid of blood in two cases.Either analyzes showed that the donor patient in one of the viruses hepatitis or AIDS or syphalis Or expiration blood. Collect the bags to be culled in environmental bags red. And closes tightly car to take them medical waste to get rid of them safely through the burning in special containers .. Books of blood transfusion All data is recorded books, Name of the donor, blood type and result of the analysis an d the compatibility and tube. When asked for any blood bag section. The technician or concern reviewed the book and the contents of the fridge and writes a receipt or receipts blood bag, such as banks completely