Troublesome Behavior Essay -- Psychology, Children Behavioral Disorder

Children of hug drug act out in inappropriate ways, however these irritations do not aim troublesome behavior (Wright, Tibbetts, and Daigle, 2008). Troublesome behavior describes age-inappropriate behaviors that continue into future years and inhibit healthy growth of the fry. For example, a temper tantrum might be normal behavior for a young child, however it would be deemed inappropriate when the child reaches school age. When unseemly behaviors multiply to a certain level the child is considered behaviorally disordered. The criteria for such a diagnosis includes patterned symptoms that show at least short-term stability, symptoms that are present when around other adults besides their parents, severe symptoms, and symptoms that vilify the childs ability to handle developmental problems. These behaviors do not affect a large proportion of the population. One study showed about ten to fifteen percent of preschoolers demonstrates mild or moderate behavioral disorders (Campb ell, 1995 as cited in Wright et al., 2008). Another study of three-year-olds found that severe behavior disorder impaired 11 percent of the sample (Cornely and Bromet, 1986 as cited in Wright et al., 2008). Furthermore, in a study of parental reports of their 17-month-old children it was found that notwithstanding 7.6 percent thought of their children as bullies and only 3.3 percent considered their children as cruel (Tremblay, 1999 as cited in Wright et al., 2008). In fact, only 1.5 to 3.4 percent of children are diagnosed with conduct disorder (Steiner and Dunne, 1997 as cited in Wright et al., 2008). However, other studies show that conduct disorder is found in five percent of ten-year-olds and ten percent of 12-year-olds (Wright et al., 2008). Also, ... ...criminality. It is associated with deviant behaviors and clinical disorders such as suicide, schizophrenia, and alcoholism. Moreover, most serotonin studies overall theme is that low levels of serotonin will preve nt people from inhibiting their behavior. Furthermore, environmental conditions also affect serotonin levels. For example, serotonin levels fall during the winter and then produce again in spring. Dopamine is an excitatory neurotransmitter connected to the reward and punishment networks of the brain (Wright et al., 2008). A persons state of excitement is increased with dopamine activity, which has a positive effect on problem solving, directed thinking, and attention span. Over production of dopamine has been associated with aggression and violence (Fishbein, 2001 Babel, Stadler, Bjorn, and Shindledecker, 1995 as cited in Wright et al, 2008).

The German World of Disappointment :: Essays Papers

The German World of DisappointmentFrom the youngest child to the oldest man, e trulyone has experienced the unpleasant tonicity of disappointment. Everyone has been to a place that was not all that they evaluate it to be. No one can say that someone has never somehow let them down. At one point or an opposite, everyone has been disappointed in something they contribute purchased. And what child is not heart-broken when he learns in that respect is no Santa Claus? Whether it is in a person, thing, place, or idea, disappointment can be the most devastating and hurtful feeling people face. Disappointment is an experience that the German people, especially, have had to live through. The German writer, Heinrich Boll, uses his story Pale Anna to illustrate the universal experience of disappointment, an experience his countrymen are very familiar with, through both literature and history.When a long-lost German spend returns to his hometown five years after World War II has ende d, he returns to a place that is familiar, but everyone he knows is gone. His new landlady constantly asks him if he knew her dead son. She talks endlessly about her dearly departed sons feel and shows him again and again all the pictures of her son. The final picture that was taken of the landladys son was of him at his job as a streetcar conductor. All the other occasions that the soldier had seen it he reminisced about his own time spent at that particular terminus. He remembers the pop stand, the trees, the villa with the golden lions, and especially a fille that he thought of often during the war that forever and a day boarded the streetcar at that terminus. The soldier never recognizes any of the people in the picture until he had been there for three weeks and then he sees the girl in the streetcar. The landlady tells him that the girl was her sons fiance and that she is living in the room next to his. Pale Anna is what they always call her because of her extremely w hite face, but her face was unrecognizably destroyed when she was thrown through a window by a bomb blast. The soldier returns to his room and tries unsuccessfully to imagine Annas face being anything else but beautiful, even with scars. He thinks about his past romances and remembers them as complete disappointments.

On Ibsens A Dolls House :: A Dolls House

On Ibsens A Dolls HouseThis is the text of a lecture delivered, in part, in Liberal Studies 310 at Malaspina University-College, Nanaimo, BC, Canada. References to Ibsens text are to the translation by James McFarlane and Jens Arup (Oxford OUP, 1981). This text is in the public domain, released July 2000For comments or questions, please contact Ian JohnstonThose of you who have conscionable read A Dolls House for the first time will, I suspect, have little trouble forming an initial sense of what it is about, and, if past experience is any guide, some(prenominal) of you will quickly reach a consensus that the major thrust of this play has something to do with gender relations in modern society and offers us, in the actions of the heroine, a vision of the need for a new-found freedom for women (or a woman) amid a suffocating society governed wholly by unsympathetic and insensitive men.I say this because thither is no doubt that A Dolls House has long been seen as a landmark in our c enturys most important social struggle, the fight against the dehumanizing oppression of women, peculiarly in the middle-class family. Noras final exit away from all her traditional social obligations is the most famous dramatic statement in fictional depictions of this struggle, and it helped to stave Ibsen (with or without his consent) into an applauded or vilified champion of womens powerfuls and this play into a vital statement which feminists have repeatedly invoked to further their cause. So in reading responses to and interpretations of this play, one oft comes across statements like the following Patriarchys socialization of women into servicing creatures is the major accusation in Noras painful account to Torvald of how first her father, and then he, used her for their amusement. . . how she had no right to think for herself, only the duty to accept their opinions. Excluded from meaning anything, Nora has never been subject, only object. (Templeton 142).Furthermo re, if we go to see a production of this play (at least among English-speaking theater of operations companies), the chances are we will see something based more or less on this interpretative line heroic Nora fighting for her freedom against oppressive males and pleasing out in the end by her courageous final departure. The sympathies will almost certainly be distributed so that our hearts are with Nora, however such(prenominal) we might carry some reservations about her leaving her children.

Infant Mortality Within the United States Essay -- Babies Birth Pregna

Infant Mortality Within the United States Herein I curtly overview the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) within the United States. Initially, I discuss specific causes of infant death and then, contributing factors which put babies at risk. Next, the distribution of conglomerate IMR is surveyed on a state to state basis. States possessing the ten highest infant mortality rates ar discussed, including possible reasons for higher IMR. In addition, those states with the ten lowest IMR ar mentioned. In conclusion, I consider preventative measures for minimizing the number of babies that die each division. Return to Table of Contents Introduction Every eight seconds a indulge is born in the United Sates (U.S.), and within one hour four babies die (1). The infant mortality rate (IMR) measures the rate at which babies die forward their first birthday and is calculated per 1,000 live births. According to government figures 7.2 babies out of every 1,000 born in 1996 died (2, p 6 ). Although this figure declines steadily each year and is 406% lower than the 1950 figure (3) the United States IMR is still higher than twenty four other nations (1). More importantly, the IMR for black U.S. citizens is over twice the rate of white citizens (6.3 and 14.6 respectively) (4, p 9). The National Commission to Prevent Infant Mortality even calls some regions disaster areas (5, p 18). What are the leading causes of infant death, and what areas within the United States are most affected? What preventative measures can ensure a child its first birthday? These questions are addressed herein. In addition, certain National Standards for geographics are met. Return to Table of Contents Applicable National Standards In 199... ...Rawlings, James S. Rawlings, Virginia B. Read, John A. Prevalence of Low Birthweight and Preterm Delivery in Relation to the time interval between Pregnancies among White and low Women. The New England Journal of Medicine, Vol 332, No 2, 1995, p 69-75. Scott, J. Black Infant Death Rate 2 Times That of Whites. Los Angeles Times, 1991 Nov 15, 110 (347), A35. Steinbrook, R. Black Infant Deaths Tied to Birthweight. Los Angeles Times, 111 (184), 4 Jun 1992, A26. Ten Leading Causes of Infant Mortality, Infant Health Statistics. 1997. http//www.mofimes.org/stats/ten.htm (11 April 1998). Ventura, Stephanie J. Kimberley D. Peters Joyce A. Martin Jeffrey D. Maurer. Monthly Vital Statistics Report, Vol.46, No. 1 Supplement 2, 11 Sept. 1997, p 6. http//www.cdc.gov/nchswww/products/pubs/pubd/mvsr/supp/46-45/46-45.htm (11 April 1998).

Rebellion in The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood Essay -- Rebel The

Rebellion in The Handmaids Tale by Margaret AtwoodRebel is a term, which is highly weighed down with emotion. Insociety today we perceive a guerrilla to be a figure opposing a muchstronger majority. We distinguish the rebel to be a character whofights for his/her own ideals. We see a person that depart do anythingalmost being ruthless to destroy the boundaries set up against him/herby the stronger mass. We witness the rebel as an individual whodeliberately defines a theater and two fighting fronts. The rebelis constantly is resisting. The only way he/she can defend his moralsand set are to strike the greater that condemns his/her values andmorals. Unfortunately today there are many misconceptions andpreconceptions relating to the essence of a true rebel. Society tendsto comprehend the rebel to be figure fighting on the front lines,spilling blood for his cause. Especially the media has delivered thisimage of a rebel. We must acknowledge the fact there are other takesof rebels and rebellions. It is not fair to say that the form of rebelthat is described above is not valid, but still we must make asuitable distinction. We must not always consider the rebel to be anindividual like William Wallace who fought for his countrysindependence by using violence as his primary weapon. In the course ofhistory we have witnessed another course of study of rebels. Characters suchas Mahatma Ghandi, Dr. Martin Luther King and Emmeline Pankhurst allgave birth to another form of rebel, the rebel that fought for hisvalues passively. They did not confront the enemy with the sword butwith words.The fresh The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood tells the story of anear future oppressive society govern... ...poke out against them in theloudest voice possible. Offreds cassettes did more than just speakher voice. I receive that the true reason why Offred did not assign hername is because she wanted to speak universally. Offred wanted tospeak in the name of all handmaids.In canvas Offreds rebellion we can see that she suffered aninternal conflict. Offreds plight is always human as well asideological. She wanted to rebel but at the resembling time she was scaredof loosing herself in the process. Offred had to win the conflictwithin her before she could start the external battle. Offred won thisconflict and decided that her humanity was the risk for a great cause,love.As long as women consent to be unjustly governed, they will be butdirectly women say We withhold our consent, we will not be governedany longer as long as government is unjust.

Rebellion in The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood Essay -- Rebel The

Rebellion in The Handmaids Tale by Margaret AtwoodRebel is a term, which is highly weighed down with emotion. Insociety today we perceive a rebel to be a figure opposing a muchstronger majority. We distinguish the rebel to be a character whofights for his/her own ideals. We see a person that will do anythingalmost being ruthless to destroy the boundaries set up against him/herby the stronger mass. We find the rebel as an individual whodeliberately defines a battlefield and two fighting fronts. The rebelis constantly is resisting. The only way he/she can hold up his moralsand value are to strike the greater that condemns his/her values andmorals. Unfortunately today in that location are many misconceptions andpreconceptions relating to the essence of a true rebel. hostelry tendsto comprehend the rebel to be figure fighting on the front lines,spilling blood for his cause. Especially the media has delivered thisimage of a rebel. We must acknowledge the fact there are other formsof r ebels and rebellions. It is not fair to say that the form of rebelthat is described above is not valid, precisely still we must make asuitable distinction. We must not always consider the rebel to be anindividual like William Wallace who fought for his countrysindependence by using violence as his main(a) weapon. In the course ofhistory we have witnessed another category of rebels. Characters suchas Mahatma Ghandi, Dr. Martin Luther King and Emmeline Pankhurst allgave birth to another form of rebel, the rebel that fought for hisvalues passively. They did not confront the enemy with the sword butwith words.The novel The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood tells the story of anear future oppressive society govern... ...poke out against them in theloudest voice possible. Offreds cassettes did more than just speakher voice. I feel that the true reason why Offred did not assign hername is because she precious to speak universally. Offred wanted tospeak in the name of all handmaids.In st udying Offreds rebellion we can see that she suffered aninternal conflict. Offreds plight is always human as well up asideological. She wanted to rebel but at the same time she was scaredof loosing herself in the process. Offred had to win the conflictwithin her before she could start the outer battle. Offred won thisconflict and decided that her humanity was the risk for a great cause,love.As long as women consent to be unjustly governed, they will be butdirectly women say We withhold our consent, we will not be governedany longer as long as government is unjust.

Cultural Masculinity and Crime Essay

male personness is a fact that is conceptualized in Goliath in dissimilar slipway and to a number of argu workforcetative ends. On the other(a) hand, thither is a unique ending of maleness which is identified as a connection betwixt the tough and rough males and the law enforcers. otherwise connections complicate the nature of significance that is attached to homo cordial bonding as hygienic as the bitnish camaraderie and familiar social concerns of the youth. This is a park masculine culture that maps fountainhead onto the cultural traits of hegemonic masculinity that is depicted elsewhere in spite of appearance the literature on crime and masculinity. thence, masculinity is to more or less extend, used in the description of a given culture together with a series of activities that be ideologically and empirically allied to workforce. The fact that manpower are vilely overrepresented in almost all major crazy events is non unusual. This kind of prevalence of m ales buzz offs place in the arrest, character report as puff up as victimization data. Therefore, lack of attention paid to what it is being male that causes sadistic macrocosmner is not allthing surprising.However, recent work has recom handsded that masculinity is a crucial bring to pass when it comes to netherstanding around(prenominal) crime and wildness. Toughness, coupled with eagerness to resort to vicious behavior to be in position to adjourn most of the interpersonal disputes are central characteristics of gentlemans gentlemannish identity. Conviction that gender roles are constructed socially is noblely approved in the social science context. Basing on this construction, it is important to note that not all men posses the comparable levels of masculine traits.Primary differences in gender roles are passing inclined to be crucial variables in the comprehension of violence (Vold, 2002). Consequently, any form of male-to-male violence examination without fully understanding and unfolding the influence as well as the meaning of masculine gender is incomplete. base towards the relationships that exist between crime and masculinities, various criminologists have super centered on men and boys but fully ignored women and missys. The main reason canful this is that there exists a considerable authorizedism that the male dominate crime.For these criminologists, women are most subjected to exhaustive as well as all- embarrassing criminological gaze. Specifics of men are disgraced. Each in his own way has generally contributed to what has become a traditional criminology. Therefore the investigator needs to inspect and examine women and not men, to be able to examine the high gender ratio in crime. Men have a implicit monopoly on the charge of syndicated corporate and imperious crime. Criminologists have continuously advanced gender as the main analyst of criminal occurrences.Historically as well as contemporaneously, criminologists have re lated masculinity purely with men and boys. Criminology is therefore dualist it concentrates mainly on gender differences in crime eschewing an assessment of gender similarities in crime (Messerschmidt, 1993). Pre-feminist criminology The earliest theories of criminology relied mainly on indispensable sex roles frame work to be able to explain the relationship that exists between crime and masculinity. These sex roles were used to find out the various types and range of offenses committed by both(prenominal) male and pistillate.Therefore for sex-role theorists, criminological theory is termed cryptically as biological differences that exist between men and women. lamentable behavior is learnt in the same manner as conforming behavior. Therefore various people may come to engage in criminal behavior due to the excess of definitions that are favorable to the violation of the law compared to the definitions which are unfavorable. Boys get involved in crime to a great extent compared to girls. high levels of criminal acts among the boys may possibly be explained with differences in care as well as supervision of the male and female.In as much as boys and girls exist within poverty-stricken neighborhoods, the nature of social setting does not explain the rate delinquency among the boys as well as girl delinquency which is always low. The main difference comes about because girls are supervised a little bit more carefully in their behavioral traits in accordance with the known social codes. This takes place with greater care and consistency compare to boys. They are taught to be nice while the boys are taught to be real men, meaning they have to force themselves through situations.Boys whose behavior closely related to girls were considered sissy. The issue of masculinity and the connections it has to criminal traits in male has been observe in both the past as well as the present criminological contemplation discussions. An attempt to link the issue of mascu linity with felony was brought about by (Sabo & Kupers, 2001) He alleged that masculinity was midlandized mainly during adolescence. Boys engage in highly delinquent forms of behavior compared to girls. Boys are taught to be both tough and rough.The common traits associated with masculine behavior identical toughness and dominance that are termed essential in asserting a strong reputation in masculinity, are acquired through these contacts with older males. Sabo and Kupers view the family as a structural conformity that has biological demands, working well for the society when the role of women is emphasized mainly in the internal affairs of the family a wife being the manager of the household and men providing income-earning function in the societyMasculinity within patriarchal society is stereotypically referred to as independent, aggressive, dominant, competitive as well as unemotional. It represents characteristics which are direct opposition to womanhood. Sex roles antitheti caliate some of the behaviors that are appropriate for men and women. The characteristics of masculinity are closely related to both cocksure and powerful terms of social identity (Vold, 2002). When gender roles are over exaggerated and their terms barely defined, contradict consequences can easily occur.For instance, certain behaviors tend to be viewed positively, like independence. Conversely, assistance from others is required to overcome some of the personal problems like drug and alcohol dependance or even financial big(p)ships. Independence can get in the way of potential remedy and behaviors that are fruitful. In addition to that, aggressiveness and high level confrontation can be of great use in various circumstances on the other hand, they can be counter productive when trying to promote compromise.Fascinatingly, criminologists have persistently identified gender as the key predictor of behaviors associated with crime whereby men and boys commit disproportionate amoun t of crime. Masculinity is developed through learning and imitation whereby organizations, peers, and society as well as parents tech and train patterns that are appropriate as far as behavior is concerned. Those kinds of support and peer networks maintain and encourage the existence of ideas about masculinity.In numerous situations, if men decline to adhere to the stringent guidelines that are masculine gendered, or publicly express attributes of feminine, they are usually considered weak and excessively vulnerable. There are existences of theories which try to argue out that using criminal male accomplishment in reference to status achieved by the toughness as well as courage which it takes to perpetrate the level of crime. This is liable(predicate) to be there when the masculinity of an individual is questi unrivaledd. There is lack of traditional outlets that can be used to prescribe the stereotypical masculinity.Various forms of violence incidences were highly in all likeli hood to include men who are highly masculine who had few outlets to affirm their level of masculinity. Prison environments are usually designed to restrict substitute modes of adaption that is separate from hypermasculine responses to both the prison as well as other inmates (Messerschmidt, 1993). On a stronger note, prisons are meant to socially castrate males together with their major power to adhere to good definitions of masculinity allowing for multiple modes of responding to their ability for conquest and incarceration.Rational outlets of Masculinity Explanations as to whether the outlets for traditional masculinity are essential only in a sense of divided sense are not common and whether the quality of every single outlet twist a crucial role too is not also clear. Therefore the operationalizations of what are commonly known as masculine outlets, for that reason are poorly constructed. Though the idea of proper traditional outlets addresses the subject of sensed status, satisfaction on a personal level may play a crucial role in how an individual others view them.For example, being get hitched with during the time of an offense is likely not to be important like being conjoin happily at the time of an offense. The condition of being married is bound to be crucial the quality of the affair may play a similarly important role in masculine accomplishment. Incase success within a marital affiliation is a desirable position men with similar position can uphold their desirable success. On the same note, knowing whether a man has children or not is likely to be different from knowing whether a man is living in the company of his children.Fathering a child is different from being the father of a child. Successful parenting is an enhanced traditional outlet than simply having a child. The quality of the relationship between a parent and a child is likely to bring about a sense of pride that in turn can form a positive outlet for the display of masculine n ature. Any given position that can be envied by other males would be an affirmative arena for masculine behavior. iodine other problem concerning customary outlets is the use of just the traditional outlet to emphasize masculinity. Some other alternative outlets may play a primeval role.The use of violence is seen as an alternative incase legitimate means for the display of masculinity are not available. What is not a there in most cases is, however, the discussion about other means of legitimate masculine display apart from violence. For example, the number of sexual associates of the past can be. The show of ones manhood through various sexual encounters has been highly theorized as an essential feature of masculinity. As an extension of the idea, literature about anthropology show that a number of children that a man can father are likely to play a crucial role.More numbers of express the virility of the man (Popay & Jeanette, 1998). The past displays of violence are an additio nal theatre that is likely to be important in the acquisition of the knowledge about masculinity. Incase a man has proven his level of masculinity in the past several time then he has the ability to draw from those experiences to affirm his masculinity in any given occasion. The existence of quite a number of less appropriate outlets for a man to be able to demonstrate his masculinity is an essential area to explore in future.The idea of traditional outlets needs to be reconceptualized then broken down into two separate categories. Tog start with, a grade that has positive social outlets, for instance, successful parenting and job satisfaction would be the most appropriate ways of assign successful masculinity. Addition of less appropriate outlets like number of past sexual partners, children as well as successful violent encounters can tap into different way than the way a man can assert some level of masculinity without necessary involving violence within the existing condition. Due to the fact that the determination of masculinities and femininities can not be done biologically, it makes meaning to identify and also examine some of the possible masculinities by the females (femininities by both men and boys) and the nature of relationship that exist between them and crime. Masculinity is evoked by a way of clarification of the various activities of the male, especially the young and strong. The actions of both the police and the youths can be described as assertion of masculinity (Campbell, 1993).Masculinity is viewed as being accomplished through engagement in rioting, violence as well as a revolution of displays of machismo by the young men. It is Campbells argument which, upon being faced with the problem of the reconstruction of a male identity in circumstances of social stillness and expanded levels of adolescence in which importantly, traditionally empowered masculine qualities is absent. These young and lower working group men find other highly de structive forms of masculine expressions. The consequential mode of masculinity is in some ways, not dissimilar from that of sub-cultural accounts that are usually experienced.Within the face of justifiable opportunities that are blocked, a means of being victorious as a man is usually associated with engagement with crime or delinquency. Men and women have got different experiences in look based on the present social and economical marginal communities (Burke, 2005). The interaction of race as well as class with gender puts in some different dynamics to the masculinity that is negotiated (Popay & Jeanette, 1998). Though doing gender is one way of looking at the accomplishment of masculinity, some of the imposed characteristics are likely to play a fundamental role in gender display.The examination of masculinity the way it is constructed for the male through political, cultural and class can lead to vary results compared tog the examinations of masculinity which are believed to b e constructed by men (Burke, 2005). Factors which are not within the realm of masculinity need to be discussed when it comes to understanding the causes and do of masculinity as a source of sin. Situational variables are likely to essential where the issue of violence is concerned more than just the personal level traits of masculinity.Other than the types of masculine traits that are highly intrinsic to violent men, the forms of situational variables, for instance, location, time of the day as well as presence of others are highly likely to take place in a male-male situations of violent. Hegemonic Masculinity Males who try to exhibit high levels of masculine traits and who posses fewer acceptable outlets to fully affirm masculinity are highly like to get involved in events that are violent. This confirms the notion that men who do not have masculine resources are more likely to resolve to criminal acts.To add on that, traditional situational variables like presence of third par ty, use of drugs and alcohol, physical location among other factors are likely to cause some level of impact to the outcome of the events that are usually associated with violence and crime. At the same time, the unfolding actions such as the use of character attacks as well as sequencing of various actions have to be highly considered (Messerschmidt, 1993). These contexts can easily strengthen or even change the brunt of masculinity on both violent as well as non violent events.Females are more liable to experience the strains, for instance the burden of family members and restrictions on their behavior. Female are highly circumscribe to the confidential sphere. This form of strain involves restraint of the available opportunities of criminality as well as the excessive social control. It is a little bit hard to participate in serious violent as well as property crime incase someone spends a little time in public and is burdened with the demands of the family. The chances of men b eing in public is higher compared to that of women, therefore they go through conflicts with others as swell as criminal victimization.Therefore they are more likely to be involved in violence. On this thread, the various forms of strain which are experienced by men and women lead to higher rates of crime done by the former (Collier, 1998). Male and female also differ basing on their response towards strain emotionally. Strain leads to certain forms of proscribe emotions for instance anger. In turn, this creates a considerable amount of pressure to take corrective action. Though they both respond to anger, male and female have different experiences in anger. Female anger is usually accompanied by high levels of emotions such as fear and depression.Male anger on the other hand, involves incorrupt outrage. Women learn to blame themselves for negative treatments by others and are ready tog view their anger as inappropriate and some failure of self control. Conversely, men tend to b l ame others for their negative conduct and view their fury as an assertion of their masculinity. As a result, men are more likely to commit property and violent crimes while women tend to resort tog self destructive forms of deviance like the use of drugs and eating disorders (Pease & Camilleri, 2001). Beyond DualismA result of exclusive concentration of the differences in gender has been aimed at directing the theory in criminology away from factors that seriously complicate gender differences, for instance when the female engage in what has been traditionally and culturally been defined as male crime. Such forms of sexual climaxes lead tog a full as well as complete situational appreciative of what really gender and crime is. Abstracting gender from within its social context as well as the insensitivity to issues of office staff like perspectives masquerade the possibility that gender patterns of crime may vary situationally.The dualism that exists between individuals as well as social and the split between psychological science has remained focal to sociogenic criminology. But the problem with criminology, as pointed out by the feminists has not been due to the fact that a range of experiences have been unified, the result being ways in which both men and women are likely to exist within different relations to the notions of community. Criminology has failed in trying to engage with the ways upon which the subjects that are under scrutiny have been produced within discursive limits.In trying to conceptualize individual as well as historical form of subject positions, the approach exposes itself to analysis of the various ways in which criminal boys as well as men have themselves been produced through a set of apparatuses of social ordinance together with management (Messerschmidt, 1993). The framing of debates around boys, schooling as well as urban disorder through making a reference of the disaster of masculinity transcends the specialty of crime and cr iminality. The masculine group in this context is can be referred to the outlaw, a figure produced by the cultural construction of the socially powerful.Literary, a sub-cultural criminology outlaws represents the joy riders, the urban trash scroungers and the gang members who engage in what they do with a destructive mind in operation. They are deemed to move within space of everyday as a fully absorbed body of experience. It involves a subject without a topic, a body of wrongful desires colliding with others along its teleological route (Burke, 2005). The sub-cultural theme lacks the common ethical part due to the conception of everyday as a series of the symptoms that are idiosyncratic this form of criminality becomes rendered as a set of lifestyle of choice.(Arnot, & Cornelie, 1999). It is long been a truism that girls are fond of internalizing and boys tend to externalize their pain and despair. For that reason, boys are highly likely to be arrested for serious crimes of all sor ts. The fact that a large number of boys and girls are brought up in dysfunctional families can act as a proof as to why the habit is rampant and provides with reasons as to why criminal ways and cultural constructs of masculinity contribute to the prevalent behavior.In many occasions, boys are locked up for exhibiting some sort of behaviors which are contrary to the expectations (Burke, 2005). In most cases, these behaviors take place in the inner city where effects of racialism as well as poverty often cause young, poor and black males strike as a way of exhibiting compulsive masculinity to be in position to compensate for the feeling of shame, frustration. And in compulsive masculinity, the masculine values tend to be rigid prescription for toughness, thrill-seeking as well as a willingness to use violence to iron out interpersonal conflict.Nevertheless it is usually recommended with great dismay that the reform about feminism refers to turning men into women making men soft, ema sculating them so that they unable to battle or stand with fulfillment in the beingness. Solving the problem of violence as well as building the culture of certainty of peace needs change in masculinities. However, this does not mean that should become weak or incapable. On the other hand, violent usually takes place due to masculinities that are constructed to make violence an easy option or simply the only option to be considered. make peace is a highly complex and arduous undertaking and it is worthy of heroic effort both from men and women. This understanding of competence essentiality to some masculinity can be connected to equality other than exclusiveness democracy requires skilled practitioners. Education can not easily re-socialize both boys and men to the extent of pressing them into a non-violent mould but it can open up a varied diversity of pathways so that the boys and men have an ability to use broader scale of their capacities such as the nature of communication, em otions and politics.Education has the ability to show boys and men quite a number of ways of being a man. It can enable them to familiarize this kind of diversity. It can inculcate in them the capacities for actions that are non-violent and train them some of the techniques that involve peace because of the acquisition of the techniques of combat (Collier, 1998). Efforts in education in this line cannot produce considerable results in isolation.There is need for a strong support through action in some areas of life that are likely to make greater range of experience possible for men as well as non-violent conducts which are easier for them. This involves actions that are aimed at reducing gender hierarchies together with antagonisms within the spectrum of social life. To achieve this fit, they should be addressed in the recommendations from the meetings, media, work places, public arena and other spheres of life including both private and public institutions.An example of the need f or change is the important social mission of peacekeeping. This is presently performed by the organizations like police as well as international peacekeeping forces that are overwhelmingly staffed by men who are perceived to have a profoundly masculinized cultural behavior and are highly liable tog acts of confrontation. In this case, there is need for organizational change both in culture as well as in the femininity division of labor.The effective and a long term strategy aimed at reducing adolescent male crime would need to confront the highly frighten off challenges of trying as much as possible to change the patriarch gender order, together with oppressively hierarchical group structures and their attendant masculine social construction. Conclusion Masculinities and crime are terms of conceptual revolution within the social life and they reflect the various changes within our understanding of the real world as factors that that are present within our midst.Questions about femi ninity and masculinity should be given an upper hand due to the fact that they influence our lives directly. References Vold, G. B. , Bernard T. J. , & Snipes J. B. (2002). supposed Criminology. Georgia Oxford University Press. Messerschmitt, J. W. (1993). Masculinities and Crime Evaluation and Reconceptualization. New York Rowman & Littlefield. Sabo, F. , & Kupers, T. A. (2001). Jail Masculinities. U. K. Temple University Press. Burke, R. H. , (2005).A preamble to Criminological Theory. New Jersey Willan Publishing, 2 Collier, R. (1998). Masculinities Acts of Crime and Criminology. New York keen-sighted Publishers, Arnot, M. L. , & Cornelie, U. (1999). Gender & Crime in present Europe. London Routledge Publishers. Popay, J. , & Jeanette, E (1998). Men, femininity Divisions and Wellbeing. U. K. Routledge Publishers. Pease, B. , & Camilleri, P. J. (2001). Performing with Men within the Human Services. New Jersey Allen & Unwin Press.

Estimated Heat Distribution by Convection in Water Essay

IntroductionThis report assesses the distribution of rut by convection in water to visualize the heat conductivity of water. The transfer of heat from a warmth coil to a fluid is conduction but the heat transfer within the fluid is convection. This is fundamentally fluid flow of particles arising from nature, heat, chemical or kinetics. The distribution of heat is assessed with various factors introduced. In this case a magnetic stirrer and a motor. This report presents an estimate of the effect of free and forced convention on the distribution of heat in water.Experimental methodThe apparatus were arranged as shown in fig. 1. A beaker of five litre capacity was places on a motor, four litres (4L) of cold water was put in a beaker. A heating coil and troika thermometers were placed at various depths in the beaker of water and their various distances from the base of the beaker were recorded. Power was supplied to the motor and heating coil and at intervals of four minutes each th e temperatures on all three thermometers were read simultaneously. After four successful readings, the electricity supply was disconnected and the ambient temperature was recorded. This same procedure was repeated twice, the source with a magnetic stirrer and the next time without the magnetic stirrer but the motor operating.Distance from base (m)Temperature (C)Heating Coil0.08T10.0224T 20.0924T 30.1224Table 1. Distances of apparatus and initial temperature readings of the water.Table 1 shows the ambient temperature readings collected before the essay was carried out. It excessively shows the positions of the heating coil and thermometers from the base of the of the beaker.ResultsThe time was kept in minutes to measure the intervals at which readings were taken. The temperature of the water was measured with thermometers in degreed Celsius and re faced in degrees Kelvin and the positions of the heating coil and thermometers were also measured in meters.Time (minutes)T1 (0.02m)T2 (0.09m)T3 (0.12m)0242424424283282439421224464916245456Table 2 Free convectionTime (minutes)T1 (0.02m)T2 (0.09m)T3 (0.12m)0202020426262683232321237373716424242Table 3 Forced convection (stirrer and motor)Time (minutes)T1 (0.02m)T2 (0.09m)T3 (0.12m)0202020420293282136381221444616225154Table 4 Forced convection (motor only)Fig 2 Free convectionFig 3 Forced convection (stirrer and motor)Fig 4 Forced convection (motor only)The readings and results derived from the experiment are being used to calculate an estimate amount of energy input and compare it with the theoretical value.Q represents energy inputrepresents the power inputt represents the duration for which the water was heatedat 220v = 300w, but since 240v was used corrected value of = 300 240220 = 358 w= 16 minutes60 = 960s= 327.3960 = 314208J = 314.2 KJExperiment 1. Free convectionAssuming density of water to be 1000kg/m3Cp = 4.18KJ/kgK= 24 24 = 0= 54 24 = 30= 56 24 = 32= 4/34.18(0 +30 +32)= 345.55KJExperiment 2. Forced conve ction (stirrer and motor)= 42 20 =22= 42 20 =22= 42 20 =22= 4/34.18(22 +22 +22)= 367.84KJExperiment 3. Forced convection (motor only)= 22 20 = 2= 51 20 = 31= 54 20 = 34= 4/34.18(2 +31 +34)= 373.41KJEstimates of errors involved in this experiment are a follows-Time = 1 second in 60 secondsLength = 0.01 meters of 0.1 metersTemperature = 1 CDiscussionIn the experiment that involved forced convection from both the motor and stirrer the heat distribution was better and to a greater extent accurate. This can be confirmed by the comparison of the energy input cypher based on experimental values with the energy input calculated based on the theoretical values. Readings to support this is shown in Table 3 and fig 3. A poor distribution of heat occurred in the first experiment where the water was heated freely. This is represented in Table 2 and figure 2 and by comparison of the experimental and theoretical values of the energy inputs. In experiment 3 where only the motor was used the graph 3 and figure 4 shows a better distribution of heat compared to experiment 1. codaIn a freely heated body of water, higher temperatures are taken from closer to the surface and lower temperatures towards the bottom. With introduction of kinetic energy from the stirrer and motor, the velocity of fluid flow increased thereby increasing the rate of heat transfer and the even distribution of heat through the water. This shows that water is a poor conductor of heat energy if heated with free convection.

Encryption and Decryption Algorithm

Encryption and rewriteion algorithmic program using ASCII values with substitution approach.First Author M.Shruthi and Second Author Gokaraju Rangaraju inst every(prenominal) of Engineering and Technology, Bachupally, Nizampet, 500092www.griet.ac.in I.AbstractThis paper shows the possibility of employing the characteristics of available algorithms with poly-alphabetic substitution techniques in a running(a) fashion, to produce ASCII values of the typed school text edition edition and then putting in the translating, reverse techniques in order to prepare the encrypted text.Before generating the cipher text, the algorithm will result in Message digest of the given text. This algorithm implements the model of radiate Key cryptography. This algorithm can be implemented in any programming language such as C, C++, Java etc. In poly-alphabetic substitution the plain texts letters argon encrypted differently corresponding to their position.The name poly-alphabetic proposes that can be more than one key so we keep up utilise both keys combination instead of one, in order that it produces the cipher text. We can also role three or more keys to make the encoding regale more complex. In this paper energise generated ASCII Codes of the plain text and then we have reversed it say it as reverse ASCII Codes and then we have produced two random keys named K1 and K2.Then these K1 and K2 Keys are alternatively applied on Reverse ASCII codes in order to produce encrypted text. On the other hand Decrypting algorithm is use to generate the plain text again. Our technique generates random cipher text for the same plain text and this is the major as stack of our technique.II. IntroductionRelated worka. IntroductionNow-a-days need of shelter is es directial to make data secure from the unauthorized user to access. surety is needed in many of the organizations like military, budgets of Government, it is also necessary to our general rescue and many business applica tions also.Business application involves the security among the data of the institute in which information about of the employees, manager workers and owners profit is itself stored and similarly, application i.e, utilised by the users harmonise to their use also requires security. So security plays an indispensable role in our day to day life. Cryptography is one of the techniques for guarding data.Information Security is a set of thoughts for managing the processes, tools and policies necessary to prevent, detect, document and counter threats to digital and non-digital content.The responsibilities of Information security include launching a set of business processes that will safeguard information assets regardless of how information is formatted or whether it is transit, is being processed or is at rest in storage.Important information or data cannot be sent across the cyberspace without implementing any security mechanism, because this data can be seen by any fair person in order to change the marrow.So the command for Information Security across the networks is expeditiously increasing day-by-day.Every business organisation has a burden to secure their data from being loss or theft. A message digest is a cryptographic hash function which includes a group of digits generated by a hash formula. Message digests are intended to secure the ace of a piece of data or information to identify changes or alterations to any part of a message. Basic terms for secure communication areLet us consider two parties that want to communicate inexplicablely, A and B. If A wants to order something to B, some information, we call that information a plaintext.After encrypting the plaintext a cipher text is produced. B knows the encryption method since he is the intended receiver and since he must use the same method together with his secret key to decrypt the cipher text and reveal the plaintext.b. Related Work1. Avinash Sharma and his team have proposed a technique for encryption and decryption.In this paper they have explained about encryption and decryption techniques using ASCII values and substitution approach. (IJASCSE Vol 1, discover 3, 2012)2. R.Venkateshwaran in his paper shows the possibility of utilizing the features of Genetic techniques with poly substitution methods in a linear way, to produce ASCII values of the given text and then employ transition, substitution with the features of Cryptography. (International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 8887) Volume 3 No.7, June 2010)3.Sumith Chowdary and his team described about the algorithm in which randomly generated numbers are used with the help of modulus and remainder by making program in any language i.e. c, c++ and java. (IJARCCE Vol. 2, Issue 8, August 2013)III. Basic Mechanism for cryptographyP=plain stitch text C=Cipher text X= Some Plain text Y=Cipher text of plain text K=Any Random key E(K,X) Encryption of X using key D(K,Y) Decryption of Y using K C=EK,P P=DE,CIV. Hi story of CryptographyThe art of cryptography is considered to be born along with the art of writing. As civilizations period started, human beings got incorporated in tribes, groups, and kingdoms. This led to ontogenesis of ideas such as power, battles, supremacy, and politics. These thoughts further furnished the natural need of people to communicate covertly with discriminative recipient which in turn assured the persisting evolution of cryptography as well. The roots of cryptography are found in Roman and Egyptian civilizations.The word Cryptography has been derived from the Greek word kryptos (hidden) and graphing (writing).Cryptography is the technique with which a plain text can be converted to cipher text so that this cipher text is not apprehensible by anyone excluding the recipient. Cryptography, the intelligence of encrypting and decrypting information can be traced back all the way to year 2000 BC in Egypt.Here it was first used with the help of the standard hieroglyp hics in order to communicate secretly. Julius Caesar (100-44 BC) used a simple substitution cipher which has been named after him today. During the first and the second war the command for confidentiality increased rapidly all kinds of sweet cryptographic techniques developed.V. Objective of the algorithmic ruleThe core objective of the research is to safeguard information stealing in what so ever manner it may be, with the use of appropriate technology. To secure information spilling and to provide a high-level integrity and authenticity to data or information using MD5 and Cryptographic algorithm that is sent over the network.Integrity Ensures that a message is unchanged from the time it sent from the sender and till it is opened by the receiver.Authenticity It verifies whether the identity of user in the dodge is a consecutive or genuine user.To check the integration of message/information MAC is verified.VI. Algorithm for EncryptionDecryption and MAC GenerationAlgorithm encr yption picture two random keys k1, K2.Take dataFind ASCII values for each character in the data.Reverse each ASCII value and store it.Add each key alternatively to each reversed ASCII value.//This is the encrypted data.Algorithm decryptionTake the encrypted data and random numbers.Subtract the keys from the encrypted dataEach alternativelyReverse the obtained values.//The reversed values will be ASCII codes of characters.Print the retrieved ASCII values corresponding characters.Algorithm MD5Firstly append padded bitsThen append lengthInitialise MD BufferLater process message in 16-word blocks.Display the output.Encryption Process The above figure (fig 1.1) depicts the procedure of encryption.Let the text be HELLO WORLD.Firstly, generate 2 random keys named k1 and k2.For specimen let us assumeK1 =1123K2=1452Then translate the each character of message into its corresponding ASCII Code and the we reverse these ASCII codes. (This is shown in table1.1)Next, these keys k1, K2 are added alternatively to reverse ASCII numbers in order to generate cipher text.Table 1.1Plain text ASCII number Reverse ASCII Number Cipher textH 72 27 1150E 101 101 1553L 108 801 2253L 108 801 1923O 111 111 1563 32 23 1146W 87 78 1530O 111 111 1234R 114 411 1863L 108 801 1923D 100 001 1453Decryption Process This technique is exactly reverse technique to that of encryption. So in this process, cipher the keys from the obtained cipher text.That is first subtract k1 from first value of encrypted/cipher text and then subtract K2 from second value of cipher text, consecutively.Repeat this step until you reach to the end of the message.Finally we will get the plain text which was sent by user.Following table will depict the process of decryptionCipher text Reversed ASCII number ASCII code Plain text1150 27 72 H1553 101 101 E2253 801 108 L1923 801 108 L1563 111 111 O1146 23 32 1530 78 87 W1234 111 111 O1863 411 114 R1923 801 108 L1453 001 100 DVII.MAC GenerationThe MD5 hashing algorithm is a cr yptographic technique that accepts a text of any length as input data and returns as output a constant-length digest parameter to be utilised for authenticating the true message.From past years, there has been exaggerated interest in generating a MAC produced from a Cryptographic hash code, like SHA-1, MD5, etc. Here in this, we have used MD5 algorithm for resulting a 128 bit hash-value.It is employed as a checksum to ascertain data integrity.Ex1. helloMD5 haschisch of your string 5D41402ABC4B2A76B9719D911017C5922. The attack is at 5 p.m.MD5 Hash of your string 54759A4BE2031EA6CC8D56B10CD4A9AAVIII. Snap shots of the algorithm implementationHome page After entering some text Click on encrypt button Click on Decrypt button If the text-box is empty And if clicked encrypt then it results to a messageIX. Key words and AbbreviationsCryptography The process of encrypting and decrypting text for securing it.Cryptanalysis is the art of decoding or obtaining plain text from hidden messages ov er an insecure channel. It is also known as code cracking.Encryption The technique of converting plain text into some other format with the help of a key is known as Encryption.Decryption The technique of altering cipher text or encrypted text into plain (original) text is called as Decryption with the help of same key or other key.Key An amount of information used for encrypting and decrypting text.Cipher text The message written in secret code and is not understandable by anyone.Plain text The original message given by end-user.Encryption Algorithm An Algorithm for encrypting given text.Decryption Algorithm An Algorithm for decrypting the encrypted text.MD5 Algorithm An Algorithm for conclusion 128 bit Message digest for the given text.Abbreviations usedMAC Message Authentication CodeASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange.MD5 Message Digest v5X. afterlife scopeThis algorithm is formulated for the sake of security.There are many future scope of substitution appr oach employing ASCII value for Encryption & Decryption. Firstly it is certified that any intermediate person dont hack the data between the gap of plain text and cipher text. Secondly receiver receives the encrypted text as its same as the senders send the plain text. Thirdly in the contemporary world, new technologies ameliorate day by day so we can exaggerate changes in this algorithm according to the requirement.This work can be further improvised upon in the future in many different ways.XI. ConclusionThere are many techniques such as RSA, IDEA, AES, DES, DIFFIE-HELLMAN algorithms and overmuch more that can be utilized to modify a plain text into cipher text to transfer over the network so nonentity else than an actual recipient can understand the message.But Substitution and blow is the ground for every algorithm as each and every algorithm employs Transposition or Substitution or both of them. In this view we have introduced a new technique that is titled as substitution us ing ASCII Codes. This new method for text encryption and decryption behaves randomly so grouping of the same cipher text and breaks it by just guessing it becomes more difficult.This technique of combining cryptography and Message digest can lead to new area of research on securing data by other mechanisms. This technique of text encrypts and decrypt employing ASCII algorithm is definitely an impelling process when compared with other cryptographic systems. This algorithm is very meteoric, procure and trust worthy.XII. References1. Stallings W. Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practice, 2/3e Prentice hall, 1999 30-49.2. Author Vineet Sukhraliya, Sumit Chaudhary, Sangeeta Solanki, Title Encryption and Decryption Algorithm using substitution array approach. IJARCCE Vol 2 Issue 8 August 2013.3.Author Avinash Sharma, Anurag Bhatnagar, Nikhar Tak, Anuradha Sharma, Jitendra Avasthi, Prerna Sharma Title An set about Of Substitution Method Based On ASCII Codes In Encryption Technique ,IJASCSE Vol 1, Issue 3, 20124.Author R. Venkateswaran Dr. V. Sundaram, Title Text Encryption and Decryption with Poly Substitution Method and feature the Features of Cryptography. IJCA Vol 3 No. 7 June 2010. 5. https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography 6.https//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5XII.

Article Public Opinion of Police by Different Ethnic Group Essay

Down though the years at that place has always been tension and an on and off kin amidst the community they serve and law enforcement agencies. And as with any relationship between two people there argon misunderstanding, break-up and disagreements and the same is with the relationship between the community and its law enforcement agencies but just with any relationship at days end both the community and law enforcement have and circumstances common concerns such as justice and deterrence. With many of communities in America being incursion of immigrants within the last few decades with this incursion of immigrants many communities ar being bombard with so many new language and cultures diversity.Because of this wide range of ethnicity now living within many the walls of our communities and society on a whole now have different opinions and views of law enforcement. Now due to the various ethnicities flooding our communities the author will investigate how a few of these ethnici ty groups bid African Americans, Asians and the Hispanics neighborhoods views racial profiling, discrimination and past experience with law enforcement agencies.Taking a look at the traumatized relationship and association between the two, as wholesome as the interaction and reaction from the law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve. Since the conception of the law enforcement agencies race has long since been a vital playing card in policing. Even with the knowledge, sensory faculty and understanding of this there has been some improvement but not enough. Racial opus of law enforcement alongside the racial outline of arrest, the raise in the arrive of arrest of non- minority like Caucasian by non-white law enforcement officers, while there were lower numbers of arrest by the same officers on opposite ethnic groups. On the flip side of that coin, more.Caucasian officers had a boost in the number of non-white arrest in comparison to the number of arrest involving Caucasians. carry has been a polarizingelement the in the society of America for years. And this is every so prevalent within the criminal justice system. Clashes involving both the communities and law enforcement are the flashpoint for practically every current inner- city riot. Ethnic Groups The raise of culture variety and immigration has from time to time made interaction with law enforcement difficult. Hispanics and Asian neighborhoods are often apprehensive of law enforcement officers due to their past occurrence.Their past incidents vary from their motherland of origin that was overwhelmed by civil unrest and war. This included exploitation of supply by those of authority as well as much dishonesty within law enforcement agencies of that country. For this cause many minorities groups have a apprehension and more often than not an aversion to law enforcement officers. Like within the Hispanic neighborhoods, they often feel that law enforcement agents differentiates them by racial profiling them all because of their nationality.In Arizona this is a very contentious SB 1070 unlawful migration bill that passed given law enforcement agents the power and authority to inquire of certain individual (Hispanic) of test copy of documentation of legal right to be in America. This law is being adopted in other states as well like New island of Jersey and Texas, any where there is a high population of Hispanics. IthasbeenreportedbytwoethnicgroupsAfricanAmericansandHispanic/Latinos affirm subordinate levels of agreement concerning their relationship with police force officers as compared to those of their counterpart Caucasians. African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos claims that there is less willingness to obey and to follow orders given by authorities especially of Caucasian origin.Racial profiling has consistently been one of the most confounding, divisive and disputable issues the police department confronts. A lore that police target members of specific e thnic or racial groups creates a deep divide between the police and the communities we serve. But as an officer who has spent a lot of time patrolling the citys streets, I just dont think the perception is accurate. (Dutta, 2010) True racial profiling, in which people are targeted solely because of race or ethnicity, is both illegal and immoral. It destroys public trust and reduces the effectiveness of the police.There is no place for it in law enforcement. And I firmly believe that most LAPD officers support that viewpoint. Even the reported statement of the officer that he couldnt do his job without racial profiling was most likely misinterpreted. (Dutta, 2010) Differentiation between minorities and Caucasians is how they relate and response to law enforcement agents and how fairly or unjustly he or she feels their treatment was. This is a how many African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos responded when asked by authorities regarding their relationship with law enforcement agencies this is less equality than when Caucasians reported.

McDonald’s vs Burger King: Which is Healthier Essay

McDonalds vs. Burger world-beater Which Menu Is Healthier?September 15, 2013COM 155The United States has the largest fast nutrient diligence in the world, and American fast nourishment restaurants are in over 100 countries. That alone tells you that millions of consumers partake in fast food. By definition, fast food is food that can be prepared and served very quickly. A typical fast food meal in the United States includes a hamburger, French fries, and a soft drink. Out of all of the fast food restaurants in the United States, there are cardinal companies that comes to mind that are the biggest chains in the country. Those two fast food chains are Burger poof and McDonalds.These two companies own more than half of the fast food market in the U.S. With that said, in the previous(prenominal) couple of years there has been concern over the obesity rate in the United States. People believe that fast food is a doer because of how easy it is to get it and the price range of it. B ecause of the perceptions of fast food, every one is spirit to the biggest fast food chains to set the example and make their menus healthier. McDonalds and Burger King are the two fast food chains trying to convert their menu to provide healthier foods, each in their own way. sooner looking at the menus of some(prenominal) fast food chains, one has to understand the history. What made them who they are today? How was it created? When did it go public? The first restaurant is McDonalds. In 1937, Patrick McDonald opened The Airdome, which was a food stand in Monrovia, California. Hamburgers were ten cents and all you can drink. In 1940, his two sons, Maurice and Richard, brought the food stand from their father and moved the whole operation 40 miles and changed the name to McDonalds Bar-B-Q and served 25 barbecued items on their menu. In October 1948, the brothers realized that most of their profits came from selling hamburgers so they closed overpower the establishment. On Decem ber 12, 1948, the restaurants name was once again changed to McDonalds and went to a menu of hamburgers, cheeseburgers, French fries, shakes, soft drinks, and apple pie. After 5 years of growing popularity and success the brothers dogged to startfranchising the restaurant.One year later, Ray Kroc, who sold Multi-mixer milkshakes machines, learned that one of the McDonalds restaurants were using eight of his machines and he decided to take a look for himself. After meeting with the McDonald brothers, Kroc thought that they could franchise the restaurants throughout the country. The brothers did not think the same way so Kroc decided to take it upon himself to do so. By 1959, Kroc had 102 successful restaurants in the United States and by 1961 Kroc brought the business rights from the McDonald brothers for about three million dollars.Like McDonalds, Burger King in addition has a long and rich history. It was founded in 1953 in Jacksonville, Florida as Insta-Burger King. Inspired by the McDonald brothers original store location in San Bernardino, California, the founders and owners, Keith J. Kramer and his wifes uncle Matthew Burns, began searching for a concept to open a new-made restaurant around. After purchasing the rights to two pieces of equipment called Insta machines, the two opened their first stores around a cooking device known as the Insta-Broiler. The Insta-Broiler over proved to be so successful at cooking burgers they required all of their franchises to carry the device. With their new success in the way they cooked burgers, the company had rapidly expanded throughout the state of Florida until its operations totaled more than 40 locations in 1955. By 1961, Insta-Burger King ran into financial difficulties and the pair of McLamore and Edgarton purchased the national rights to the chain. It was rechristened as Burger King of Miami. The company would eventually become the Burger King Corporation and began selling territorial franchise licenses to private owners crossways the United States by 1961.As I stated in the beginning of my essay, I wanted to compare the two menus between Burger King and McDonalds. Even though both restaurants are into selling hamburgers, how they are cooked and presented separate these two companies tremendously. For McDonalds, they give added other items to their menu since the original restaurants opened back in 1948. They added a breakfast menu back in 1972 in which they sold certain breakfast sandwiches such as the McMuffin, which came in certain amounts of variations. There are also types of biscuits and breakfast burritos. Additional breakfast itemsinclude hotcakes, several breakfast platters with eggs, hash browns, and meats or breads.As you know, for eat, McDonalds serves many sandwich options such as the Quarter Pounder, the McDouble, which is the in two ways cheeseburger, and chicken sandwiches, which they call a McChicken. The trademark sandwich for McDonalds is called a heroic mac. It was introduced nationwide in 1968. It make ups of two 100 percent beef patties, American cheese, special sauce, which is based off a Thousand Island dressing, iceberg lettuce, pickles, onions, and served in a three-part sesame seed bun. Other items on the menu consist of Chicken McNuggets, Chicken Selects, which is the McDonalds version of chicken strips, Filet-O-Fish, and a McRib, the McDonalds Rib Sandwich.Burger Kings menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts. In 1978, the company introduced the first iteration of its breakfast menu. The breakfast menu remained almost identical to the McDonalds offerings until 1983 when Burger King introduced its CroissanWich, which comes in many variations like the McDonalds counterpart, McMuffin sandwich. For the lunch menu, there is little difference between the Burger King and McDonalds Menu. The counterpart of McDonalds Chicken McNuggets is called the BK Chicken Tenders, which made it s debut in 1985. For Burger King, they spend a penny two trademark sandwiches.The first one is the counterpart of the McChicken, which Burger King calls the BK Original Chicken Sandwich. It made its debut in 1978. The other sandwich is called the Whopper. Introduced in 1957, it is one of the best known sandwiches in the fast food industry. The Whopper consists of a flame grilled quarter-pound beef patty, sesame seed bun, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, pickles, ketchup, and sliced onion. right off we get to the meat of the conversation. Both companies have been trying to add healthier choices to their menu for years now. For example, McDonalds had to battle its public image as a purveyor of fatty, unhealthy food. Consumers began filling lawsuits contending that years of eating atMcDonalds had made them overweight. So in 2003, McDonalds introduced a low calorie menu of low-calorie items and they also switched to more healthful cooking oil for the French fries. Burger king is no differe nt to the criticism of their food. Since the 1980s, several parties, including the Center for Science in the Public Interest, the British Heart Foundation and the City of New York argued that Burger King has contributed to obesity and unhealthy eating behaviors in Western nations by producing products that contain large amounts of salt, fat, trans-fat, and calories.With that said, it is common noesis that neither McDonalds nor Burger King is the healthiest option if you are trying to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Lets examine at the major items that both of these fast food chains provide and see which one is healthier. Starting with the French fries, a medium order from Burger King will make the client consume 400 calories, 20 grams of fat, 43 grams of carbohydrates and 5 grams of protein. The same amount for McDonalds will provide 20 calories, 7 grams of fat, 19 grams of carbohydrates, and 3 grams of protein little than Burger Kings French fries. So apparently McDonalds wins in F rench Fries, for cheeseburgers, McDonalds are not only lower in calories versus Burger King at 300 to 360, but also in fat and carbohydrates as well. They are also significantly higher in protein.Now for the main event, the Big Mac versus the Whopper, both of these burgers are the most popular menu item for both of these respected fast food chains. Which one is healthier? The Big Mac contains 540 calories, 29 grams of fat, 45 grams of carbohydrates and 25 grams of protein. The Whopper, on the other hand, contains 670 calories, 39 grams of fat, 51 grams of carbohydrates, and 27 grams of protein. So in other words, the Big Mac is Healthier.After looking at the other items that Burger King and McDonalds provides head to head, Burger King has the edge in terms of its chicken products. Now the big question is who has the healthiest menu? To be honest, it depends on the menu item you choose to buy from either one of these food chains. If you want a good burger that will not do that oftti mes damage to your diet then McDonalds is the way to go. If you are looking to eat a Chicken Sandwich, it looks like the Burger King should change their name.In conclusion, when inquire the question of which fast food chain is healthier it is safe to say that there is no clear-cut answer. Even through McDonalds, when looking at the nutritional stats of each item compared to Burger King, wins in the Burger section. We as consumers have to realize that fast food is not healthy in the first place. These two fast food chains have rich and interesting histories that contributed to how and what they sell to their customers. Each menu has been tweaked in order to fulfill the needs of the consumer over the years. Every consumer prefer to have their own method of buying items, so the best advice I can give is to do your own research beforehand. It is also important to show that you should specify the amount of fast food you eat on a regular basis in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Philosophy †Religion Essay

Explain and illustrate two censures of the claims that the instauration shows send off legion(predicate) philosophers have invokeed that world shows design to the extent that there stern be no other conclusion other than there is a idol who created it. This bank line has trace to be known as the teleological argument (from the Greek telos meaning answer). The argument is an inductive one and only(a), a posterior (knowledge gained from experience) and is put before to prove the existence of God. Design can refer to qua regularity and qua purpose. The former focuses on order and regularity in the world and the latter focuses on purpose and beauty but does this hold up to scrutiny?One criticisms was put forward by Hume in his Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion cites that there is no distinguish for order in the world. In fact the evidence given enamourms to suggest an ugliness creator the arbitrary destruction in the world that affects everyone included innocents seems to suggest that there is no design or order in the world. Tsunamis, hurricanes and earthquakes can all be cited in Humes attack.This is made level off more observable from the fact that modern physics isnt as ordered as the predominant supporter of the design argument, William Paley. Paley gave examples such as the planets and seasons and even gives backing from wisdom saying that Newtons laws govern the very body of nature. merely this has been proved to be wrong by Princeton University and their study called The Dome, the study in itself shows that Newtons laws are non-deterministic meaning that a ball can drop from any apex (as did in the experiment) without a cause. This shows that even science isnt ordered as Paley made out.Another criticism is which is also put forward by Hume is that Paleys argument (that there is, indeed, design in the world) is that this is a disanalogy. Paley gave the example of watch stating that it had purpose (it could tell us the time), regularit y (evident through second, hour and minute hand) and design (the mechanisms) and he claims that this is analogous to the world. However this is a clear disanalogy according to Hume for we have experience of watches and we know that they have designers and thus know that they must be designed, we can not however say the same for the universe, as we only have one and we are contained within it.If we were transcendent and had access to more than one universe or even if we had witnessed them be designed we may have been able to accept Paleys claims. Hume also says that its not analogous because a watchs purpose is taken for granted(p) but this is unlike the universe where it is subjective. For a Christian, the purpose of life is to create a relationship with God so that they can be eschatologically reunited and the universe allows this (its purpose) however a humanist would say that the universe has no purpose and that we are here to live our lives to the full. Thus Paleys claims are left(p) unornamented.To conclude, these two criticisms have shown that there is question as to whether there is design in the world. Hume has shown that design qua (in relation to) purpose and regularity are merely positions which are nothing more than falsities.Explain and illustrate two claims that Gods existence is incompatible with the existence of evilEvil has come to pose one of the single largest threats to theism, indeed, many such as John Stuart Mill and David Hume concluded that God no longer existed because of the existence and the incompatibility of it. Evil has been defined to be the absence of good by Aristotle but it mainly refers to two types, either natural evil which entails natural disasters such as tsunamis or moral which refers to virtuously wrong actions and intents taken by humans such as infanticide or examples such as the final solution. Some try to reconcile the ideas of evil and God (in what has come to be known as theocies) but it is questionable whethe r they have succeeded.Hume puts the first criticism forward which is known as the logical problem of evil, a deductive argument, by first reissuing the statements as a theist would accept them1. God is omnipotent. Omniscient and omnibenevolent2. Evil (and thus suffering exist)Hume claims that the one and two are incompatible. For if he loved us then he would stop suffering and thus he can not be omnibenevolent. Hume developed his argument through his variable triad which states that God is either unable to stop evil which means they he is not omnipotent that he does not know about the evil which means he is not omniscient. This leads us to the conclusion that Gods existence is logically incompatible with the existence of evil and Hume to say that one of the sides of triplicity (attributes of God, considering that evil objectively exists) and so Hume says that it is the death of classical theism.The answer to this could be that evil exists so that we can allow us to spiritually grow , for it is true that we can not become courageous unless(prenominal) an instance of danger arises, similarly we can not gain compassion without suffering. So the criticism is solved through God wanting us to experience suffering so we can go though a process of soul-making (this marks the basis for Iraneus theodicy).However this leads to the second criticism which is predominantly put forward by William Row, Charles Darwin and David Hume says that even if we were to accept that evil should exist and it is compatible, the sheer amount and the dispersal of it shows that the existence of God and evil is less probable.This inductive argument cites points in history that show that the distribution doesnt seem to amount justification for soul-making it can accept the death of an adult, but what of the Gulag and Holocaust? Rowe also notes that there are evils which do not lead to spiritual growth such as people who never recover such as child who has had his whole family burned. Rowe als o gives the example of a fawn who burns in a forest but no one is around to see it, who is growing spiritually, what compassion has been encompassed? This anthropocentric approach (by implication) also fails because it leaves animal suffering unanswered.Thus, the view that evil and Gods existence is compatible is made redundant not only in the face of the incompatibility of Gods very nature and the existence of evil but the sheer amount and distribution of it.

The Awakening: the Uncaring and Unselfish Aspects of Edna Pontellier

The Awakening is a short novel that is written by Kate Chopin. This novella is ab push through Edna Pontellier, a wife and a mother of two sons, who had a strong desire to experience the freedom or independence a woman, can have. She tries to achieve this desire, with umteen selfish decisions. In those days, in eighteen hundreds, many had an orthodox view on feminism. This social attitude deprived many women with the power to live an independent life or do whatever they pleased in life.The only role women had to adhere with no choice were to either be housewives, nurturing mothers, or both. However, those who showed their unorthodox view of this social attitude were considered to have a bad reputation in society at that time. In the novel, the immenseness of being a nurturing, caring mother and an ideal housewife is emphasized. Edna, however, almost completely ignores these priorities and only does it when she has been forced. For example, when Leonce returns from playing billiard s, he went to check on his kids and found out that one of them have fever.However, when he tells her this she responses in a carefree tone that nothing is wrong with them and returns back to sleep. However, after much prodding by her husband, she wakes and goes to pull in care of the child (Chopin 48). This shows her selfishness, because she cares more for her sleep than being a nurturing mother and giving priority to her kids. Another example is that she leaves her children under the care of their grandmother, without any hesitation. It makes it calculate as though she wants to be away from them so that she can achieve her independence.Furthermore, she explains that she simply wants her own way, although she acknowledges the difficulty of this, especially when it means she must trample upon the lives, the hearts, and the prejudices of others. Edna Pontellier at first has an affair with a young man, Robert LeBrun, whom she wants to settle down with, running away from her marriage in which she feels like a possession. Moreover, when she was with Robert she felt this form of happiness, which in truth made her pleased with life.However, she also finds happiness with Leonce, because he shows his care for her at times and treats her lavishly, which she appreciates, but that does not entirely become a base of her happiness. Therefore, it is evaluate for her to involve in another affair, but at the same time it is still selfish, because she is betraying her husband. However, what is even worse is that, she has an affair with another man named Alcee Arobin, after Robert leaves to Mexico.To elaborate, if Robert was her authentic love, Alcee Arobin should have never even appeared in the picture. All in all, agreeing with the author of the essay Edna Pontellier Selfish, Adulterous, and Suicidal, the fact that she embraces Alcee, is married, and is supposedly in love with Robert, rightful(prenominal) puts emphasis on the selfish nature of Edna. In the end of the nov el, Robert leaves her once again because this time, he does not want to be another step gnarly in Ednas selfish search for independence and her marriage.Edna cannot live with Roberts decision of leaving her and she commits suicide, leaving her kids to become motherless at a young cutlery age, and not thinking about how their upbringing would be without her or the emotional breakdown Mr. Pontellier can go through. In conclusion, Edna showed importance mostly to herself for most of the time. She was a selfish woman who tries to break out of the social norms, commits acts of adultery, falls in love with a man she cannot have, and who commits the ultimate act of selfishness by committing suicide.

Analyzing The Theme Of Nature In Literary Devices English Literature Essay

The subject of genius is re all toldy of instanting to each of the textual matters to be discussed in this essay The copious Black Woman s Poems by mercy Nichols Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller and considerable Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys. In a sense, the fact that each work is created in spite of appearance a different literary genre to around extent dictates the indispensable differences amongst them. However, this essay sets out to analyze how, in add-on to comparing literary devices, nature is used as a different jussive mood in each of the selected texts.Throughout the drama, Willy escapes back into his memories and it is profoundly important, hence, that the countryside is allied to this I was driving along, you understand? And I was all right. I was even detecting the scenery. You provoke conceive of, me looking at scenery, on the route every hebdomad of my life. But it s so beautiful up at that place, Linda, the trees are so thick, and the Sun is warm 3 Loman both kick the buckets in the state and out of it because he has merely used it, as he has used both things and people, to incur in front. The fact that he has been unsuccessful is hence a treachery of his ain and a generic dream that is neer fulfilled nor justified, merely as the narrative he begins to state Linda, his married woman, ends non in revery on the idyllic, as it started, but on loss of control all of a explosive I m traveling off the route 4 Miller uses nature, hence, as an emblem of Willy s supersede Many of Willy s activities can be seen as extremely symbolic. He workss seeds merely as he workss false hopes both will decease and neer come to fruition, mostly because the house has become also hemmed in by the metropolis. 5 In add-on, a farther lost dream of Willy s has been connected with nature, that of his brother, Ben s, project to fall in him and do his luck beyond the suburban life Willy has lived William, when I walked into the jungle, I was 17. When I wal ked out I was 21. And, by God, I was rich 6 For Willy, hence, nature has become a topographic point of lost hope whither the grass do nt turn any longer 7 it does non belong and nor does he A victim of both a hardhearted capitalist society and his ain ill-conceived dreams, Willy s eventual self-destruction is presented with tragic dimensions. His effects may be misguided, but he stays original to them to the terminal. Although he has n each societal nor rational stature, Willy has self-respect, and he strives to keep this as his life falls asunder around him. 8 Supplanting is besides a major caseistic of Jean Rhys s novel, Wide Sargasso Sea. First published in 1966, it is a prequel to Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre, foremost published in 1847. The overbold uses nature as a agency of developing the narration of Rochester s first married woman, Bertha Mason, here(predicate) known as Antoinette Cosway, a immature adult female person who feels herself displaced following the lib eration of the slaves who had worked on her theater s plantation. The really word topographic point occurs many times in the novel 9 and Antoinette seeks consolation in what she sees as an Eden garden, her former place, from which she is cast out A really of import early set piece is Antoinette s description of the garden at Coulibri, where she was a kid, a garden which was resemblingly based on Rhys s memories of her female parent s household estate at Geneva. It marks childhood as taking topographic point in a damaged Eden. 10 The description of the garden is therefore really of import to an apprehension of Antoinette and of the manner Rhys uses her connexion with nature to dish up her character and thematic developmentOur garden was big and beautiful as that garden in the record book the tree of life grew at that place. But it had gone wild. The waies were overgrown and a odor of dead riseers versatile with the fresh life odor. Underneath the tree ferns, tall as forest tree ferns, the visible ray was green. Orchids flourished out of range or for some ground non to be touched. One was serpentine looking, another like an octopus with long thin brown tentacles bare of foliages hanging from a distorted root. Twice a twelvemonth the octopus orchid flowered so non an inch of tentacle showed. It was a bell- make mass of white, mauve, dim purples, fantastic to see. The aroma was really sweet and strong. I neer went near it. 11 The genitive pronoun with which this separate opens instantly establishes the duality of Antoinette s state of affairs. This is her place, it should experience like hers but it does non. The beauty she infers has a fallacious luxuriance because it has gone wild , symbolic of a land which has lost control, albeit for a positive ground. The backup and the dead mix and encroach upon one another, and there is a snake in the garden in the snaky orchids. Further much, the twisted root implies a deformation of what was meant t o be, metaphorically repeating Antoinette s supplanting. In add-on, this is non the lone(prenominal) illustration of topographic points looking resonant of temperament and/or state of affairs Places are exceedingly alive in this novel the menacing, exuberant garden at Coulibri, the cryptic bathing pool at Coulibri, sunset by the huts of the plantation workers, the route from the small town of Massacre up to Granbois, the sea and slash at sundown from the ajoupa or thatched shelter at Granbois, the bathing pools at Granbois ( the bubbly pool and the nutmeg pool ) the forest where Antoinette s hubby wanders until he is lost, the route to Christophine s place, the trees and bamboos around the house at Granbois. 12 Here, Antoinette appears at the same time intoxicated and repelled by the sweet and strong of the garden, which possibly says something nigh her similarly ambivalent attitude towards those around her and they to her The image we now have of Rhys and her heroines is that of a inactive, impotent, self-victimized schizotypal personality who, homely with failure, wields her weakness like a arm all every bit natural as world female. 13 The presentation of nature at the honeymoon house is likewise hard to put, looking to be one thing but really macrocosm another, but her former place is a sacred infinite where Antoinette hugs to herself the secret hidden in Coulibri . 14 It is, so, these secrets in isolation, echoed in the descriptions of Antoinette s plonkherland that watch the representation of nature in Wide Sargasso Sea so clearly an jussive mood of the textEqually long as Antoinette can retrieve and order the events of her memories into a temporal or causative sequence, make even an semblance of sequence and keep a mensural sense of infinite and clip, so she can keep her life and ego together. Her act of narrative becomes an act of avowal and coherence, a motion to the universe and its conventions, an effort to forestall herself from fa de outing. When, in Part Three, Antoinette lies encaged in Thornfield Hall s dark, cool loft, the togss that hold her to the world that the universe perceives as saneness eventually interrupt. These togss are the elements of conventional narrative additive chronology, sequence, narratorial clarity, distance. She herself admits at this point that time has no significance sequence disintegrates into a confusion of present and medieval and finally into a dream which narrates her hereafter. 15 This has been quoted at length because it addresses many of the literary devices that the novelist, as irrelevant to the dramatist or poet, can utilize to develop a subject. With respect to nature, it is used by Rhys, as suggested above, to make a temporal infinite for Antoinette that is symbolic of the individuality she has lost. The abandon which is infringing upon the Eden of the garden, subsequently to be wholly destroyed, is an illustration of the manner in which the novelist can utiliz e one strong image to simulate into another, both being resonant of the yesteryear. Indeed, once more(prenominal) as stated above, the act of stating the narrative creates the character in the head of the reader and the locations in which she is placed are connected to that, as is the temporal suspension which memory green goodss and which is frequently, as with Antoinette, declarative mood of her province of head. The evocation of nature as a turbulent and affectional presence adds to this, with the sea as the ultimate semiotic of challenge, pandemonium and disruption.Grace Nichols second aggregation of poetry, The Fat Black Woman s Poems, published in 1984, besides uses nature to bawl out a peculiar image. However, as this is poesy, the lingual and literary devices used are really different from either those of the dramatist and/or novelist. Nichols grew up in Guyana 16 but has made her life and calling in England, she has lived and worked in Britain since 1977 17 , and thi s cross-cultural jussive mood is really much evident in her work her poems often jazz the foreigner clime, geographics, and civilization of England s metropoliss 18 Within The Fat Black Woman s Poems, Nichols seeks to arouse a different perceptual experience of beauty from that which is shown in white Western civilization Nichols besides deploys the fat shadowyness adult female as a powerful challenge to the dictatorship of Western impressions of female beauty 19 and therefore engender a new heroine, a adult female who revises the esthetical of female beauty. 20 One of the techniques Nichols employs to make this is uniting nature with an facet of the physical ego, as here in Thoughts floating through the fat black adult female s caput while attribute a full bubble bath Steatopygous skySteatopygous seaSteatopygous moving ridgesSteatopygous me 21 The unfamiliar word, steatopygous ( intending retention to the full rounded natess ) is repeated for accent and juxtaposed with i mages of nature so as to bring frontwards an emblem of the black adult female as stopping point to nature, her organic structure shaped like the sky, moving ridges and sea. Nichols is authorising black adult females in image by making this as she does by giving the black adult female her ain alone voice In doing the fat black adult female the speech production topic of many of these verse forms, Nichols signals her refusal to busy the topic ( upright dysfunction ) place designated for the black adult female by history and to take a truehearted stand on more complex subjectivenesss. 22 Nichols is besides concerned that the voice should look existent and hence the natural images perform yet another map Like many Afro-Caribbean authors, Nichols infuses her poesy with the religious energy of the tradition of adult females before her, a tradition that has little written record. 23 In another verse form from the aggregation, lulu , this reproduction of a different image of physical charm can besides be seen to be connected with nature sauceris a fat black adult femalewalking the Fieldsspressing a breezedhibiscusto her cheekwhile the Sun lights up her pessBeautyis a fat black adult femalesiting the moving ridgesfloating in happy limbowhile the sea turns backto embrace her form 24 Again, the adult female is juxtaposed with nature, supplying a integrity between the character and her milieus which is both actual and metaphorical. Repeat is used one time more by the poet to underscore the connexion between the subject of the aggregation and beauty in abstract. Indeed, the word Beauty , the merely capitalised word in the verse form, is set entirely on a line, as is hibiscus , as if to emphasize its importance as an emblem or iconic of what Nichols says is an imperative i.e. that this is what beauty unambiguously is. in that respect is a common embracing between the adult female and nature, she pressing the hibiscus/to her cheek and the sea crook ing back/t o hug her form . It is as if Nichols is proposing that the fat black adult female who is riding the waves/ floating(a) in happy limbo is in unison with nature and recognised by it as being so. All of nature, so, like the Sun that lights up her pess is lauding her and she it. There is no punctuation in the poetries, underscoring the smooth, natural flow of the descriptions and the manner in which they are intended to connote all that is inherently natural. As Nichols writes in The assurance , This is my birthright 25 and therefore the probe of beauty within the verse forms becomes a socio-political jussive mood, excessively.In decision, all three texts Miller s Death of a Salesman, Rhys s Wide Sargasso Sea and Nichols The Fat Black Woman s Poems all use nature as a manner of enlarging upon and more efficaciously showing their cardinal concerns. An of import component of this is the manner in which hapless false belief is used by the writers, i.e. nature reflecting and/or proposing a temper or subject. As the three texts discussed here are from different genres, they of class usage nature in different ways, using different literary devices, as has been shown. However, for each of the writers nature is singularly of import and enriches the single texts immeasurably. In the concluding analysis, hence, it might be suggested, so, that nature itself becomes about a communicative character within each of the really different plants discussed within this essay, as its importance to the creative activity and communicating of each can non be overestimated.

Androgynous Man

The androgynous Man At a point in Noel Perrins life, he suddenly became conflicted all over his masculinity. It was much(prenominal) a breakthrough, that he had to analyze the whole situation. Although it took nearly years to finally grasp the concept of it, Perrin is this instant comfortable and understands the logic behind the typical sexuality pieces not from research and other the great unwasheds work, but from his own experience and his own ideas. At an age w present you would generally swallow to develop from a boy to a humanity, age sixteen, Noel Perrin found himself on a three-day trip from New York to Steamboat Springs, Colorado to incur an assistant horse wrangler.On this trip with him, Perrin brought G peerless with the Wind and a handful of magazines that obtained some interesting articles. In a short period of time, Perrin was out of reading material so he then went tail end and read all the boring articles and all the quizzes that you would find in a magazine at the time. unrivalled of the quizzes that really caught Perrins eye was How Masculine/ Feminine Are You? The quiz consisted of inkblots that had four options as choices and you would make the option that you thought the inkblot most resembled.When Perrin finished this quiz and then found out his results, he was amaze by the conclusion. On a scale from one to ten of masculinity, Perrin was an abysmal 1. 2. Perrin was so confounded over the results that he then went back and analyzed every option. From this, he came up with two basic patterns that he found in the inkblot choices. Perrin claims that males would relate to the inkblots as man-made objects while, females would relate to the inkblots as natural objects.He then went on to conclude that the test itself was using limited criteria and that masculinity/femininity is more complicated than this test states. Perrin believes that on that point be a large pct of males and females who are androgynous or have both gender quali ties. Furthermore, Perrin then proceeds to classify the different gender types specifically for the male. Perrin strongly insists that there are workforce who are the he-man or the one hundred percent man. These men are attracted to physical spot and dominance.Also, these he-men are so unselfconsciously at ease that other men analyze to imitate them. The reason for the imitation is that generally men entail that they have to be the one hundred percent male. These imitators cheat on to come to the realization that just like women men similarly come in a simple variety of types. Perrin then goes on to say that these imitators spend their whole life trying to play that role that theyre scared to believe in a weakness in them. Admittedly, Perrin strongly believes that androgynous people are festering by the numbers.He makes a connection with the womens movement for the breakthrough of androgynes, but Perrin also believes that one mistake women have done is that they think that all men should be androgynous this would select to a very dull world Perrin states. Perrin subsequently proceeds to give us his ideal or definition of the androgynous man. He uses his own situations such as feeding his kids, how he knows nothing some cars, buying a book called Home Repairs Any Woman Can Do and how some randy scenes from movies get him all choked up.Overall, the definition of the androgynous man is having traits of the opposite sex in a casual way. After examining Perrins article, The Androgynous Man, I find myself mostly agreeing with his definition of the androgynous man and how their numbers are growing. I tend to agree with most of his ideas except for the fact of how he claims its so wrong to be an imitator. When I read about Perrins version of the he-man or the one-hundred percent male, I automatically thought of James Bond. I think the term now would a mans-man.Whats not manlier than ordering a dry martini, driving a sports car, being a monogamist, or prob ably the manliest thing of them all, having a gun? What male doesnt want to have at least one of those things? So when Perrin states thatPartly theyre imitators just envious of the he-mans unconscious ease. Mostly theyre terrified of finding that there may be something wrong with them deep down, some weakness at the heart. To avoid discovering that, they spend their lives acting out the role that the he-man naturally lives. Sad. (Perrin, summon 247-248) I completely disagree with hat. Perrin makes it sound like its such a burden to be envious or jealous of those manly qualities. I think its human nature to do that and there is nothing wrong with acting out that way. No man is going to say I want to be that guy, instead theyre saying I want to be the likes of that guy, combining the qualities you have already with the ones that you dont have. I believe if youre not constantly searching to be better in life or have better qualities, whether theyre manlier or not, whats the point of e xisting in life? Its human nature to try to be better in one way or another.For example, if theres an update for your iphone, are you not going to take it? No, because that update is going to make it better. Same rules apply to human life. other issue I have with another one of Perrins opinions is he also believes that they imitators arent as free as us androgynes (Perrin, Page 247). Perrin doesnt really back up his opinion here, as he also states that his Answer is mere speculation, but not casual (Perrin, Page 247). Well, if you washbowlt back this up, dont state it. Im not going to sit here and tell you that Ford is better than Chevrolet and when you ask, why?Im not going to answer, Just because it is. No one would respect or acknowledge my opinion then and I believe the same applies to this matter. When Perrin basis come up with proven facts to back up this statement, I will act accordingly. In conclusion, Perrin was discipline about many things such as the androgynous men a nd women growing by the numbers and how its more accepted now a days. Overall, I think its the one-hundred percent man or the one-hundred percent woman that need to stay alive to add balance to the gender roles so that we dont lose sight of our roots. certificate of indebtedness I think as students, at this time in our lives, we can all agree that at least over the past five years or so, one word that keeps being brought up is responsibility. This word has been drilled into our heads since around the age of 16. When you wanted a job, were you prudent enough? When you wanted your drivers license, were you obligated enough? When you wanted to go out and party, were you responsible enough? I strongly believe that the more we get older, the more responsibility we take on. Responsibility is a form of trust and accountability.We all reached a point in our life where we all had to start taking accountability for our own actions. Depending on what the action was, we were either corrected or not. This would be enforced mostly by our parents. For me at least, the form of correction would be punishment. If I went out at darkness and came home past curfew I would get grounded. So next time if Im not home on time and know I will be late, I call in advance to confirm it with my parents so Ill get a lesser form of punishment or scoop out case scenario, no punishment at all. This would be an example of responsibility.Today, I have countless acts of responsibility. I pay my own car payment and my own car insurance. I also pay for my kiosk phone bill. Also, the most important responsibility to me is taking care of my own two dogs, Duke and Lola. I think the more we get older the more responsibility we take on and handle. Its part of growing up. You cant ignore it. You have to embrace it. If not, youll see how hard life can actually be. Works Cited Perrin, Noel. The Androgynous Man. 40 Model Essays A Portable Anthology. Ed. Jane E. Aaron. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 200 5. 246-49. Print.