Estimated Heat Distribution by Convection in Water Essay

IntroductionThis report assesses the distribution of rut by convection in water to visualize the heat conductivity of water. The transfer of heat from a warmth coil to a fluid is conduction but the heat transfer within the fluid is convection. This is fundamentally fluid flow of particles arising from nature, heat, chemical or kinetics. The distribution of heat is assessed with various factors introduced. In this case a magnetic stirrer and a motor. This report presents an estimate of the effect of free and forced convention on the distribution of heat in water.Experimental methodThe apparatus were arranged as shown in fig. 1. A beaker of five litre capacity was places on a motor, four litres (4L) of cold water was put in a beaker. A heating coil and troika thermometers were placed at various depths in the beaker of water and their various distances from the base of the beaker were recorded. Power was supplied to the motor and heating coil and at intervals of four minutes each th e temperatures on all three thermometers were read simultaneously. After four successful readings, the electricity supply was disconnected and the ambient temperature was recorded. This same procedure was repeated twice, the source with a magnetic stirrer and the next time without the magnetic stirrer but the motor operating.Distance from base (m)Temperature (C)Heating Coil0.08T10.0224T 20.0924T 30.1224Table 1. Distances of apparatus and initial temperature readings of the water.Table 1 shows the ambient temperature readings collected before the essay was carried out. It excessively shows the positions of the heating coil and thermometers from the base of the of the beaker.ResultsThe time was kept in minutes to measure the intervals at which readings were taken. The temperature of the water was measured with thermometers in degreed Celsius and re faced in degrees Kelvin and the positions of the heating coil and thermometers were also measured in meters.Time (minutes)T1 (0.02m)T2 (0.09m)T3 (0.12m)0242424424283282439421224464916245456Table 2 Free convectionTime (minutes)T1 (0.02m)T2 (0.09m)T3 (0.12m)0202020426262683232321237373716424242Table 3 Forced convection (stirrer and motor)Time (minutes)T1 (0.02m)T2 (0.09m)T3 (0.12m)0202020420293282136381221444616225154Table 4 Forced convection (motor only)Fig 2 Free convectionFig 3 Forced convection (stirrer and motor)Fig 4 Forced convection (motor only)The readings and results derived from the experiment are being used to calculate an estimate amount of energy input and compare it with the theoretical value.Q represents energy inputrepresents the power inputt represents the duration for which the water was heatedat 220v = 300w, but since 240v was used corrected value of = 300 240220 = 358 w= 16 minutes60 = 960s= 327.3960 = 314208J = 314.2 KJExperiment 1. Free convectionAssuming density of water to be 1000kg/m3Cp = 4.18KJ/kgK= 24 24 = 0= 54 24 = 30= 56 24 = 32= 4/34.18(0 +30 +32)= 345.55KJExperiment 2. Forced conve ction (stirrer and motor)= 42 20 =22= 42 20 =22= 42 20 =22= 4/34.18(22 +22 +22)= 367.84KJExperiment 3. Forced convection (motor only)= 22 20 = 2= 51 20 = 31= 54 20 = 34= 4/34.18(2 +31 +34)= 373.41KJEstimates of errors involved in this experiment are a follows-Time = 1 second in 60 secondsLength = 0.01 meters of 0.1 metersTemperature = 1 CDiscussionIn the experiment that involved forced convection from both the motor and stirrer the heat distribution was better and to a greater extent accurate. This can be confirmed by the comparison of the energy input cypher based on experimental values with the energy input calculated based on the theoretical values. Readings to support this is shown in Table 3 and fig 3. A poor distribution of heat occurred in the first experiment where the water was heated freely. This is represented in Table 2 and figure 2 and by comparison of the experimental and theoretical values of the energy inputs. In experiment 3 where only the motor was used the graph 3 and figure 4 shows a better distribution of heat compared to experiment 1. codaIn a freely heated body of water, higher temperatures are taken from closer to the surface and lower temperatures towards the bottom. With introduction of kinetic energy from the stirrer and motor, the velocity of fluid flow increased thereby increasing the rate of heat transfer and the even distribution of heat through the water. This shows that water is a poor conductor of heat energy if heated with free convection.