Human Resource Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Human Resource Management - Research Paper ExampleThe case demand is all about the Jet Blue Airways which was founded by David Neeleman in the year 2000. The gild has been trying to bear superior service to its staffs and has been constantly struggling for finding the right medical prognosis who could blend with the culture of the nerve. severe procreation was provided to the staffs depending upon the duties and responsibilities. Moreover, the employees or the crew members went out of their way by helping the passengers and the pilots used to interact with the customers and also engage themselves in activities such as cleaning up the plane for the next flight. The airport manager was found issuing the boarding passes. While recruiting the candidate, the company looked for people who had a positive attitude as the candidate was often asked to do certain things that were not a part of the job description. The airlines basically looked for the v values in the people they hired and these traits were given the first preferences. The companys recruitment and pickax process have been quite mazy. The selection process of the Jet Blue Airways has been focused on the capability of the applicant to handle the situation on several(prenominal) hypothetical situations. Even during the selection process the company tried its best to find the candidates abilities to imbibe the values of the Jet Blue. It was also found that despite having rotated around the values of the organization, the employees reported that they were unhappy with the leaders. From the above paragraph, it is evident that the company had a very complex recruitment and selection process. Moreover, it has been focusing more on the values during the selection and the recruitment process. Although, the culture of the organization has helped the company to perform well in the near past, however, it is not always possible for a candidate to have all the five values that the companies look for while recruiting and selecting the candidate. The company may face several problems if they have such tight recruitment and selection process. The company also faced problems of leadership and teamwork despite the leaders getting the best training. The company always realized the need to focus on the training of the leaders as they would guide their followers to adhere with the culture of the organization.

Book Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Book Report - Assignment frame lickThese were evident in Clintons reign where its continual change extended to the current Obamas regime. Clinton contest the former policies that yielded to severe stress to the middle class. Hence, contending that, most Americans are working hard for less (p. 324). Therefore, the however way to recover your security and to broaden your horizons is to adapt the change to embrace, to move forward. Additionally, he argued that Reaganomics then flourished collectable to the low innovation of other states and Americas economic power, which was then declining. Since the tactics were becoming old (p. 324). Clintons call for the Americans to adapt to change entailed in all classes besides extending it to the future generations. He argued that, the sole(prenominal) way we can recover the fortunes of the middle class in this country so that people who work harder and smarter can, at least, prosper more, the only way we can pass on the American dream of the 40 years to our children and there children for the next 40, is to adapt to the changes which are occurring (p. 324). Clintons exemplary action towards advocating change was via evaluate to sign the NAFTA document meant to export boom to Mexico by tearing down tariff walls, which implied from then fore there will be no job loss (p. 324). The main purpose was to support and all the same uplift the middle class status, if the America was to uphold globes reputation as the booster shot of freedom and equality. Communists collapse between 1989 and 1991 saw the dawn of the Global civilization where American leaders of both parties spoke of an American mission to create a global free securities industry as the path to greater worldwide freedom, which was divergent to Reaganism (p. 325). This prompted the state to embark on the idea of WTO, that to the delegates astonishment, the meeting came to a complete halt owing to various key equality demands from the outside protesting cro wds. They demanded the check up on of the pressing concerns where the meeting ought to establish the relationship between globalization, economic justice, democracy, and freedom. (p. 325). According to the protesters, the key demand was the citizens welfare in all matters regarding economic empowerment coupled with equality and democracy. Therefore, World Trade musical arrangement must be replaced by a dramatic and transparent body accountable to citizens not to corporations thus, No Globalization without representation (p.326). Clinton while giving his speech during ushering the millennium advised the Americans to celebrate the change that has already occurred and willingly embrace it. Primarily, the change encompassed equality and freedom where while making his speech he observe how the evening that houses meeting comprised of audience emanating from diverse American representing diverse races. He contended that I cannot help but think how different America is, how different hi story is, and how much better, because those of you in this style and those you represent were able to imagine, to invent, to inspire (p. 338-339). Therefore, B. Clinton stated that America ought to live together as brothers and sisters, celebrating our common humankind and our shared destiny

W5 Discussion OM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

W5 Discussion OM - Essay ExampleMeanwhile when such time and resources are saved in the delivery of work, efficiency becomes guaranteed (Meredith and Shafer, 2014).With this noted, there was sufficient evidence from the case that even though decentalisation can solve about of the organizations issues with efficiency and efficiency, the efforts of companies did not have to end with the design of divisions (Abdullah, 2004). For example, once there was poor prioritization of resources, it was noticed that the output of work was not as forthcoming as expected. In order words, the need to apply continuous processing improvement strategies is always important regardless of the organizational system or structure being practiced (Martinez, 2011). For example, within a typical decentralised organization, using a lean tool will ensure that much saving is made with regards to the employment of time and resources. This is because several jammed processes that cause and create waiting and o ther forms of waste will be identified and dealt with (Labovitz and Rosansky, 2007). As evidenced in the case, the lean tool could ensure that priority is given to most important processes that guaranteed the best of

The irrepressible conflict chapter 7 in the imperiled union, by Essay

The irrepressible involution chapter 7 in the imperiled union, by kenneth stampp(pages 191 to 245) - Essay ExampleIn the social science, historical theories and concepts are criticized by current scholars in search of new knowledge. If new tell apart is discovered, scholars critically analyze it in comity to the past evidence provided. The reason for revisionism is history relies on past distant events, and very little evidence is used in postulating of theories, therefore, when more evidence is found, it call for revision of the earlier theories or critic their invoice to the past event. This essay focuses on the polished war and the views of the revisionist via a Vis Stampp disapproval of them. How and why do revisionists compete that the civil war was a needless or repressible war? The proponent of revisionism argued that the case for a civil was a moral judgment of whether thrall was right or wrong. In addition, the agitators for antistriverholding had questionable attitud es towards the issues of thralldom as political issues. As Steven Douglas argued, slavery was an issue of the southern people, and it did not affect people in the north. Therefore, the issues of slavery were reform left to the white in the south to deal with and not engage in an gratuitous war. Moreover, revisionist says that the moral indifference of slavery was not a big issue to fight over it. work force and women are created sane and would solve their differences in a sane manner and avoid unnecessary bloodshed. fit to Ulrich Philips, the black people had no problem being slaves because, in their nature, they were submissive, amiable, and light-hearted, imitative, ingratiating, and they were not progressive by the fact that they were Negroes. Philips also argues that the case for the plantation system among the slave was nothing ethical but nostalgia. Therefore, slavery was not a cause for the alarm, to instigate civil war because it had nothing to excite (Stampp 191-245). Another revisionist, Frank L, Owsley says that slavery was a moral issue and was not economic determinism of civilization in the south. He says that the issue of slavery has been dragged in the wrong case of the causes of a civil war. Furthermore, Randall believed that the black slave in the south had alter to bondage without much resistance, and performing their tasks cheerfully. Randall also argues that, the southern slaves were abused, and this amounted to mistreatment, but it was a lenient way of treating slave by their slave owners. Randall says that, in reality the slaves owners were more enslaved than the black by the put up out institutions (Stampp 191-245). Craven brought his assertion that the different between the West and East were much greater than that of the northerly and South. Craven argues that abolition of slavery hindered the understanding of the effect of slavery to the modern employee employer relationship. According to Craven, the life American worker toda y is much like that of the slave. Craven note that, even during the debate of the relevancy of slavery in the south, the patient blacks continued with their tasks unconsciously never minding the merits of the system he was working. David Potter in his abstract of revisionism says that, the facts that slave were left to live and even to grow and expand in a new world, was better off than engaging in a war. David concedes that emancipation of four million slaves was of great value, but he says it came at a greater cost. According to David, for every

Culture in organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Culture in organization - Essay ExampleAccording to my mentor, it is substantive to pretend culture in an organization. This is because culture creates an opportunity for the employees to learn from each other on dissimilar cultural values. Such includes improvement on their appreciation of individuals from other cultures. As such, it becomes easier for employees to interact and conduct melodic phrase with different people from all geographical locations in the world. Culture is an integral part in ascertain the interaction strategies and methods for employees. Such includes enhancing a health competition at the organization workplace. Culture also ensures that employees have a sense of direction term at the workplace, which determines their ability of achieving success in different spheres of vitality (Lowe 1). Furthermore, culture ensures that employees have an identity while in the organization. Such includes a cultural policy, which offers the direction and guidelines for employees while in the organization. Consequently, an organization wins loyalty from employees, which contributes towards the achievement of success in business activities. Culture creates a struggle of promoting the brand image of a firm by establishing a common platform for individuals. Such is possible because culture brings unity among employees from different cultural backgrounds. These employees also get a chance of establishing long-lasting relationships, which enables them to displume the best from all the team members in an organization.

Listening to Immortal Music Created by Geniuses Essay - 2

Listening to Immortal Music Created by Geniuses - Essay ExampleIt had been fun looking at the instrumentalists with their respective instruments because they seemed to be taken by the euphony they were playing. Their movements have been most entertaining and indulging, causing the reference to feel their music along as they continued to play. Another piece entitled Autumn, was especially engaging for me. It felt like leaves were falling softly and gently to the ground. The music brought a little trouble to the spirit because it sounded very sad, it almost resembled a song for the dead. Somehow, as the sound reverberated through the hall, it gave me some shivers I could not explain. Nevertheless, the players did very well. Playing concerto number 2, it could be said that the performers gave justice to the immortal magic of the music. Of course, if real music is compete, the performance will always be wonderful regardless of who plays the music. However, in all honesty, imputable praise should also be given to the instrumentalists. The execution was great it made me feel like I was transported to another era. I actually felt like I was in a time when music was meticulously created by talented musicians. The Allegro made me want to prance and dance because of the joyful tempo and beat. The rise and fall of the volume made me appreciate how the changes could wonderfully create an effect that awakens the emotions of listeners. The other pieces played were similarly beautiful. The experience transported me to a new world where my inclination to music has been newly awakened and strengthened. I was indeed truly entertained and rejuvenated in an inexplicable manner. Perhaps that is just what music does to individuals. The rendition was terminate with Softly as a Morning Sunrise which I think was most appropriate as a closing piece. The music was soft it almost lulled me to sleep.

Inventor Nikola Tesla Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Inventor Nikola Tesla - Essay ExampleNikola Tesla was born in Croatia in 1856 to an orthodox Serbian family. His father was a clergyman. After his initial education at Croatia, he studied at the Polytechnic School at Austria and at the University of Prague. After immigrating to the USA in 1884, he was employed briefly by Thomas Edison at the Edison Machine Works, New Jersey. He left the prank to fully devote his time for research works and inventions. He became a naturalized American citizen in 1891 and spent the creative period of his life at Manhattan where he died in 1943. He suffered bankruptcy and died destitute. Tesla did nearly of his experiments at his laboratory in New York City. The patent right of his system of getting electric power from AC was purchased by George Westinghouse, an American inventor.Of this inventive genius, John J. ONeill says This spark of intellectual incandescence, in the form of a rare creative genius, shot like a meteor into the midst of human soc iety. machinelike engineer by training, most of his inventions related to electrical field. The world believed that Marconi was the inventor of radio till the US Supreme Court resolved the dispute in favor of Tesla in 1944 after his death.

Norteno Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Norteno Music - Essay ExampleThere be a lot of regional styles in Norteno music. Much regional Mexican music entertained by radio and many Norteno artists also get publicity from Mexican-American community. Local radio stations are the Proclamatorysource in popularizing Norteno music. maculation exploring rural areas their way of entertainment people found that Norteno is originated from rural areas and also popular in urban areas. Norteno started to assemble by music loers around 1860s and become popular. (LAST FM) Mexico people listened music deliberately from all over the world, by listening all forms of music they produce their own forms which they called traditional Mexican music which are modern music becomes popular with people of all ages and these Mexican traditional music are intact of variety, style, colorful, passionate and derive from origins of Mexican culture rich country. (TRADITIONAL MEXICAN MUSIC) American accordionist introduces Norteno music in Texas. In Tam aulipas and Tijuana derives from the Caribbean Norteno music. Sexophone is also use by dissimilar bands give care Chihuahua and Zacatecas. Tejano or Tex-Mex is a new form of popular music derived from Norteno and influenced by swing and American contestation. Tejano includes English poetry and sounds are like American Rock but Norteno came first and Ramon Ayala is based on basics of Norteno music.Today Norteno music is popular because of Grupo Pesado who is the leader of Norteno music. Musical instruments of different types with some new music styles introduce by Czech and Bohemian famous people like accordion. This music style combined with the present Norteno music style and this style played by topical anaesthetic bands. This is the start of the transformation and evolution of Norteno in which still accordion theme is present in it. The principal(prenominal) instrument accordion and Bajo sexto distinguish Norteno. Rhythm is like in a steady motion and the footfall of this r hythm is middle (normal) or fasts tempo depending on forms type. Double bass instruments and guitar is use in Norteno type music. ii famous bands Banda and duranguense have only bass instruments instead of an accordions and guitars.However Banda and duranguense introduces and plays the same songs as Norteno bands musicians playedthem have the same beat and music levels same as Norteno.Many of the bands named as Mexican states or a general description of geographical and they basically played Regional Mexican Music.(HISTORY OF MEXICAN MUSIC) Two major forms of Norteno music is Corridos and Narcocorridos. Corridos entered the Golden Age in 1910-1920s where Mexican people play these Corridos in border. Corridos are basically based on narrative songs in a poetry form and they depend on history, peasants daily life,socially important and legendary importance.Around in 1980s started Narcocorridos when Los Alegres de Teran who sang a song about a Narco.Narcocorridos are the same as Corri dos but are based on drug smugglers and the cartels. Music critics also compared Narcocorridos to Gangster rap. There are two types of Norteno which are Classical Norteno and raw Norteno. Classical Norteno music becomes famous by very recognizable bands in which Ramon Ayala, Los Tigeres Del Norte, Los Tucanes de Tijuana. Modern Norteno having advance features from first oldie Norteno this type of Norteno first played by Narciso Martinez and his groups related to Narciso before 1950s. Modern percussion and electrical bass guitars are the

Identify and describes four cultural resources Essay

Identify and describes four heathenish resources - Essay ExampleThe men were the ones who go out and hunt, while the women gathered the small animals, fruits and plants that could be utilized for making food, tools and clothes. The women are also regarded as the light of the family, wherein their role are also confounded to making meals and overlooking the overall welfare of the family. Their traditional values were kept alive through dreamtime stories, songs and dances that are cosmos passed on from generation to generation. Dreamtime stories were also relayed through rock or bark paintings (Australian Builder, 2006). There are hundreds of indigenous concourses in Australia. Some are defined and named through their autonyms or name used by the group while some from their exonyms or the name given by another group for a accredited aboriginal group (and not by the group themselves). In some instances, these groups were named from their area.One of the aboriginal groups grant in Australia is the Irukandji, situated in the coastal strip of Cairns, Queensland. From the word east, the Irukandji group were seafarers who lived with their ancestors or blanket(a) families. During night time, they reside in sand dunes with the beach fire burned to light their surroundings and postponement mosquitoes away from them. On the other hand, they reside in semi-permanent huts during the wet season. Like the rest of the aborigines, they believe in nature spirits. The Irukandji believed that the Rainbow Serpent Gudjugudjum created their landscape (Tindale, 1974).Often referred to as the Cradle of Western Civilisation, Greece and its unique socialisation is one of the pivotal influences in the field of artifices, philosophy, architecture, religion, math, sciences and music (among other influences) all over the globe. Western art and early Christianity have been tremendously influenced by the Greeks through the latters Byzantine art and architecture

C200 Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

C200 Exam - Assignment Example2. goading the TFG leadership to reach out to traditional and moderate Islamists, including individuals formerly affiliated with the now-defunct Council of Islamic Courts, and moderate groups not previously incorporated into the Council of Islamic Courts.4. Continued leverage of U.S. assistance programs to support new and expanded computer programming in the areas of security sector reform, employment and income propagation of high-risk youth, and activities providing quick-impact peace dividends in strategic geographic areas.2. Absence of functioning institutions in Somalia for over 15 years, the rebuilding of law en lodgement, judicial, health, education, and other services which leave behind largely be starting from scratch and leave require significant external assistance.1. Early accomplishment of the deployment mission which is a key element in instilling in the Somali people faith that the peace process is underway and fully supported by th e international community.2. Offering support to the deployment of the African peacekeeping mission, and in particular the Ugandan contingent which requires support with strategic transport, equipment procurement, and other logistics.3. Assisting with force generation by training and equipping African contingents deploying to Somalia through the African Contingency Operations Training and assistant (ACOT A) program by The United States government.4. Encouraging the TFG to facilitate the development of a civilian police force a along with the formation of a unified military representative of all of Somalias clans. The TFG efforts will further be supported by the deployment of a stabilization force to Somalia, which will provide a secure environment in which a political process can be moved preceding and effective security institutions be developed.1. Promoting the commitment of the Somali Diaspora to support financially the development of

Article Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Analysis - Article ExampleThe article in center studies the prevalence of occupational stress among employees and the effects that such have on their productivity. To achieve these, the researchers study tail fin public corporations where they analyze stress prevalence among employees and its management.Data gathering technique is an essential skill in any study. In the article, this is achieved through the use of questionnaires, interviews as well as observation. The subjects are easily defined this is a factor that makes studying them a little easier. With the result tabulated, it becomes easy to calculate such eventful aspects of the findings as mean, the calculated median, and mode. The researchers employ the use of the statistical package for social science, commonly referred to as SPSS. The software program improves efficiency besides enhancing data integrity (Henry& Joseph, 2008).The study offered statistically significant result. Out of the subjects low study, hard-pres sed employees were counted and recorded just as were those not stressed. The data thereafter separated every case under specific subheadings on the causes of the stress and tabulated the number of those who felt victims of every subheading. This makes calculations thereafter possible thereby authenticating the results obtained. air is a big problem in very many organizations globally. The researchs hypothesis states that occupational stress affects very many employees in organizations world everywhere thereby affecting their turn over consequently negating productivity. This, it indicates, implies that such organizations incur loses eventually. With no hypothesis, a research makes no sense. It is the hypothesis that confines a study to particular parameters. However, in this research, the hypothesis is inferred since he does not make direct claim of these. He attributes his facts to these and proves that in deed organizational stress is equivalent to monetary

Principle of Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Principle of marketing - Case Study ExampleCoca Cola offers more than 400 hundred brands in everywhere 200 countries.2.The five brands of Coca Cola are as follows-Product life cps flowerpot be explained as the different stages offset from the introduction stage to the decline stage that a peculiar(prenominal) product goes through. Product life one shot assessment is conducted to find out the current life cycle stage of the product. Life-cycle assessment aims to find out the environmental burdens throughout the whole life-cycle of a product starting from raw material procurement, production, use and finally to disposal.3Consider the extension of product life cycle and the Jenkins client growth matrix. Identify and discuss how Coca Cola might baffle applied these models to help correspond the continue success of Coca Cola products in the market place.Extension of product life cycle and Jenkins customer growth matrix might have been applied by Coca Cola for ensuring the continu ed success of the Coca Cola products in the market. It is world explained below.Existing customers- quick products only a very fewer companies have a 100% share of customers share. Customers misdirect a product marketed by a multifariousness of marketers. Only true-blue customers always buy the akin product marketed by a specific social club. ... It is being explained below.Existing customers-existing products only a very few companies have a 100% share of customers share. Customers buy a product marketed by a variety of marketers. Only true-blue customers always buy the same product marketed by a specific company. Coca Cola could have trued to increase its share of customers phthisis by increasing its sale among the potential consumers. As Coca Cola has already a childlike distribution channel and global presence, by implementing this growth dodge Coca Cola could have grow its client base. Existing customers-new products This growth strategy calls for introduction of new products targeted at the existing consumers. A company has to be able to crate value through introduction of new products. Coca Cola could have introduced new products targeted at the existing consumers. A Coca Cola has a vast number of incorruptible consumers across the globe Coca Cola could be taken advantage of its position in the existing consumers mind. Considering the image of Coca Cola and its current loyal customer base across the globe, implementation of this strategy could have brought positive results for Coca Cola by strengthening its bottom line. Existing products-new customers This growth strategy requires expanding the current customer base through increasing market share. Coca Cola could have utilize this strategy considering its global presence as well as splendid brand equity. Attracting new customers to its wide-eyed array of brands could be easier for Coca Cola as its products are viewed as superior than its competitors products. Furthermore, the existing toi lsome users could also have been utilized for marketing campaign in the form of WOM (word of moth).

The international transaction for the sale of goods is far too complex Essay

The international transaction for the sale of goods is far also complex to attempt harmonisation of international trade - Essay ExampleRemarkable profession slackening and a change from superpatriotic to open marketplace economies have offered the basis for the evolution of transcontinental craft movement while democratic principles and institutions have been gradually strengthened. However, the UK is still facing prodigious challenges such as societal inequalities, monetary instability, meager standards of living and nonappearance of execution of human rights.It is now well documented that procedures of internationalization alone will not determination such difficulties and that there is a requisite for improved global cooperation instruments and development strategies to effectively discourse those issues. Certainly, the last era of free market reforms implemented all everyplace Latin America, Caribbean and the UK brought a definite level of development, but were not as fruit ful in fall the breach between the rich and the unfortunate. The slow outcomes on the societal front and the new collapse of the Argentinean coin market have caused countlessly to wonder about the prospect that certain republics would move toward a more patriotic economy, flowing away from the open copious policies imposed during the last decade. We take the place that while financial growth provides no immediate solution to inequity further societal development does entail economic growth. Fortified decentralization and further fiscal integration have been progressively seen as essential go en route for both economic progression and social expansion in our Hemisphere, and the constructive liaison between trade program and poverty assuagement has been reputableSimilarly, international legal devices developed in multidimensional institutions and relevant to definite cross-border dealings have become progressively important to the expansion of a substantive multinational law. We generally use the term global law as denoting to all types of principles and procedures of non-national

What is the best way to address obesity in the United States Essay

What is the best way to address fleshiness in the United States - Essay ExampleIf we look at fleshiness etiologically, we would come to know that it is a multifactor thin out caused by poor diet and physical inactivity. Poor diet refers to poor dietary habits include phthisis of junk fodder or high calorie fast food and excessive sugar in our diet. Instead of using fresh food, fruits and vegetables in our everyday diet, we prefer preserved or frozen food followed by no exercise or physical activity at all. One of the most rough-cut reasons for rapid increase in obesity among U.S population is the increased interaction of people between built in environment followed by technology and complaisant context.The built in environment encompasses the entire represent of structural and social elements that make up the fabric of a community housing, roads and walkways, stairways, density, transference networks, shops, markets, parks, cosmos amenities, and public spaces. The structura l features of the urban built environment its enormous size, its large and densely clustered population, its social institutions, its psychosocial stressors, its economy, its rapid pace, its violence, the configuration of its streets, parks, schools, and play spaces all affect health, growth, and development of individuals. (Frieden et al, 2003, p. 684)The rising trend in obesity is further followed by the convenience, which is driven by modern technology like the concept of walking is change state vague by the passage of time people like to use any mode of transportation in order to travel even minute distances. In this kind of technologically savvy society, modes of cheer have changed. Gone argon those days when parties and social gatherings were considered to be entertaining. Today, entertainment comes through watching television, play video games and sitting for hours in front of computer. Hence our lives atomic number 18 driven by a sedentary lifestyle escorted by technolog ical advancements.While coming back to foods it is found that often people in United States feel insecure when food is concerned. The diet of food insecure people tends to be slight whole. One reason for the intake of frozen foods is that placened fruits and vegetables, which tend to have more salt and sugar, are much less expensive than fresh fruits. Leaner cuts of meat tend to cost more. However, according to Dr. Walter C. Willet, A calorie is a calorie is a calorie. (Willet, 2001, p.44) Theoretically, no matter how unhealthy a persons diet, that person can only gain weight from fat by using fewer calories than he or she takes in. The part of diet would only affect susceptibility to disease and health problems. (Obesity1)In my opinion there are two reasons for very little choices in food, one leads to the economic infrastructure of United States in which healthy and nutritious foods are often more expensive than junk or fast foods, also they are easily available and accessibl e by all the classes. The second reason for no choice in food other than fast food is the lack of time. More than half of the population of United States believes in time is money, whether it is middle-middle or middle-upper class, every individual has to work in order to achieve a better living. It seems there is a social race in which every individual wants his car to sound faster and faster, due to which they have no time to prepare and enjoy their family life and so

Workplace related issues Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Workplace related issues - Research Paper typefaceMany factors attain diddleers at the release place. With the growing business world, more opportunities are presented for employees to venture into hence, the counsel is left with no choice but to find means of making sure that the employees are fit with the working conditions. These issues at a glance appear minor, but in the actual projection, they determine a great deal the motivation and efficiency of the worker (Hancock & Szalma, 2008). These issues range from the office design, office layout, the furniture in the office and the illume systems. The services provided to the employees, such as refreshments, recreation facilities, health care plans and the rules and regulations as well(p) as the policies of the organization (Hancock & Szalma, 2008). The level of interaction with the management and the influence of technology on the employees are as well major issues. The employers are thus in the run to provide tone enviro nment and services to the employees in order to be able to keep them for tomorrow. The ego of the employees determines a lot their motivation, and since the worker spends most of his or her lifetime at work, it is true that the quality of the place of work ordain affect the employees ego. A well-designed office, well built, partitioned and painted is a key motivator to a persons attitude towards the work (Hancock & Szalma, 2008). For instance, if the work designated requires privacy for the employee, and the office does not provide such, the worker may feel an easy plot of land executing their duty hence underperforming. A good design of building attracts and motivates the employee to stay around and provides inhering factor for enhancing the creativity and innovative skills of an employee. The human mind is such that it makes preferences over color, and this generally affects the attitude of an respective(prenominal) towards a place. If the office is painted in such colors that the worker does not like, this will take a leak them to be de-motivated to stay in the office. Thus, it is important for the office to be painted in standard colors. The lighting system also matters a lot. A dimly lit room will cause slump mood and negative attitude to the worker, toward the work. A moderately brightly lit office provides a unruffled working atmosphere hence motivating the employee to work. The arrangement of the office equipment and furniture is another key deciding(prenominal) factor to the attitude of the employee towards the office (Burke & Witt, 2002). A shabbily organized office will represent a job that is not taken seriously. The workers will tend to dislike the office hence this will affect his or her concentration in work, resulting to poor results. The furnishing of the office also affects the attitude of the worker towards their job. An office with aged(prenominal) and shaggy looking office furniture will discourage the worker. For instance if the furniture is old and rugged, the employee who is anticipate to sit on them for most of the hours of his day will definitely not look forward to a new day at work. They as a result will just come to work for the pay but not to give quality work as is expected of them (Hancock & Szalma, 2008). The worker will do a job that is as good as the environment allows him or her to do. However, if the furniture is of quality, all(prenominal) worker will enjoy being at their workstation. In addition, they will be motivated to prepare in their best efforts and skills to work, since the setting is comfortable. A healthy health is essential for an individual to deliver quality service in all areas of life. An ailing person is not in a good read of mind

How would Fredrickson explain Alexies essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How would Fredrickson explain Alexies - Essay Examplee work provided, the virtue of on the whole American institutions and people, and the mission aimed at spreading all these institutions (Colombo, Cullen and Lisle 449). These themes were aimed at remaking and saving the entire orb as seen by America. The arguments supporting these themes claimed that America could make a better and new society that could be termed as beginning of a new world.There are a number of ethnic transaction models in America presented by George Frederickson but in this essay the greater focus in on the historical perspective. In his representation, he has a presentation of the ethnic relations evolution that he finally did using four main concepts cultural pluralism, ethnic hierarchy, group separation and matchless-way assimilation. The author utilise the latter to show that the outsiders, commonly referred to as minorities, were not to be considered as outsiders anymore. These groups of the blacks, n ative Americans, Irish individuals were pass judgment to experience equity and complete participation in the society of the Americans. This meant that all the minorities had to confirm to the culture of the Americans. The one way assimilation model explained just as one assimilates into the American culture, it was essential to have all the people in America interact and communicate without instances of miscommunication (Nguyen 16). A good example is the diverse import of nodding ones head in a case of answering a question among the American and Bulgarian people. In America, nodding ones head means complying or a positive answer whereas it is the complete pivotal in Bulgaria. However, one assimilation model provides information that ensures adaptation of such a person to the American culture without miscommunications.Fredrick essay provided a description of all available American ethnic relations. In addition, he wrote to depict the manner in which these different groups were sup posed to interrelate so that they would handle each some other in the creation of a

Rhetorical Crtique Essay Example for Free

Rhetorical Crtique hearOn this rhetorical critique, I will be talking about the driving community of the declare of Florida. As we all know, Florida is infamous for its terrible accidents. John Couwels and Vivian Kuo, journalists for CNN, prepared an article about the multi-car crash that occurred on January 29th,2012, where 11 people were killed and 46 others were injured. I chose this article because car accidents are a daily military issue in the state of Florida. However, the roads are spacious and for the most part, well designed. Florida drivers are being held accountable for the wreck due to their lack of safety precautions used while driving through a uplifted fog/smoke area, caused by a nearby forest fire. This article is great for a enter proposal it addresses the drivers bad decision making when faced with cautious situations.The article named Florida Highway Patrol about drivers didnt slow before crashes, explains that the Florida Highway Patrol prepared a traf fic report holding the drivers of the crash, answerable for their actions by continuing to drive without headlights or warning signals, and without slowing down. The highway patrol quadrupled their staff on the road, and reported that conditions were clear enough to drive. Barely half an hour later, a car crash involving 25 vehicles closes the I-75 by gainesville.According to the report, drivers did not take the proper precautions assigned after fog and smoke warnings were fixed on the road, causing more vehicles to smash into accidents that did not have enough time to be unclutter from the road. This article informs us really well of a community problem. The authors use quotes from people who attended the view giving a sense of complete reasoning or truth over emotion. The article continues by saying that the highway patrol has already accepted different measures and policies to promote a more insure Florida through professional law enforcement and traffic safety awareness. Th e specific type of writing is quoted when witnesses or guard officials are interviewed. The writing that is used in the article is useful for making the reader visualize the burden through a witness eyes.

Ethical and Legal Challenges in Professional Practice Essay Example for Free

good and Legal Challenges in Professional Practice EssayThe Ameri git Counseling Association (ACA) enroll of morality is avail subject to clarify the respectable responsibilities for professional counselors and rising professional counselors. According to the ACA (2005), the code serves as an respectable guide designed to promote members in constructing a professional course of action that best serves those utilizing management services and best promotes the values of the focussing profession. As a graduate student striving to come across a Masters Degree in Counseling, it is crucial, non only to know and understand the ACA command of Ethics, but in like manner to understand any challenges that I may take aim in upholding them as wellnessful as ways to address these challenges kernelively. In this paper I examine a section of the ACA mark of Ethics that I find personally challenging, risk management strategies used to resolve this potential ethical conflict, and a section of the ACA enactment of Ethics that forget not present a challenge.Personally intriguing Ethics CodeAccording to the ACA Code of Ethics (2005), section C.2.g hindrance, counselors are alert to the signs of botchment from their beat got physical, mental, or emotional problems and refrain from offering or providing professional services when such impairment is presumable to harm a client or others. The ACA Code of Ethics (2005) section C.2.g Impairment also states that counselors undertake assistance for problems that reach the level of professional impairment, and, if necessary, they limit, suspend, or terminate their professional responsibilities until such time it is opinionated that they may safely resume their work.Personal Relevant HistoryIn 2005, during my senior year of undergrad train at The University ofArizona, I was on the fast track to law school. I was on a full scholarship, earning a 4.0 grade point average, a resident assistant for the dorms, and a member of a co-ed pre-law fraternity. I had just completed my internship running(a) for senator John McCain and had finished the scary LSAT. This is what my friends and family saw. In the background, I was struggling. During the weekends I was hosting parties, or rather people would just show up and throw their own parties at my residence. I was struggling to get out of bed in the morning and often came back groundwork to take naps and miss my next few classes of the day. My grades were slipping and so was my ambition.I took it upon myself to see a head-shrinker and was positivistic anti-depressants. This medicament changed my life for the worst. I did not even notice that things were spinning out of fudge as I maxed out my credit cards (I would just get new cards later) and devising impulsive and risky decisions. I was losing sleep as I was either out socializing or home cleaning like a madwoman, and often had bouts of irritability. My boyfriend at the time (my accepted h usband) called my parents and asked that I come home to Phoenix and receive help.So I had a medical withdrawal from school, returned home, and was provided with psychiatric help. I was diagnosed with bipolar dis ordain and informed that by taking antidepressants I was experiencing a manic episode. As say by Griswold and Pessar (2000, p. 1347) maculation referring to bipolar disorder, the use of tricyclic antidepressants should be avoided because of the possibility of inducing rapid cycling of symptoms. So with a new diagnosis the process of trial and error with psychotropic and style stabilizing medications and their unavoidable side effects began. Once I was on a stable medication and dosage, I felt like myself again. I got a job at a residential sermon center to work with adolescents that have mood disorders and had gotten into trouble with the law. I found my passion. It was a few years before I could return to school with a purpose. I was graduated from Arizona State Unive rsity with a Bachelors of Science degree in Family Studies and Human Development in May 2011 and the future goal of becoming a therapist.Future Considerations and Risk ManagementStrategiesI believe that under the Impairment morals code, mood disorders are considered a mental or emotional problem that may impair the counselor affecting the way in which a counselor provides treatment to clients. Bipolar disorder does not disappear once one takes the necessary medication. Medication alone is often inadequate to restore and throw physical health and quality of life (Rheineck Steinkuller, 2009, p. 339). Rheineck and Steinkuller (2009) recommend that those with bipolar disorder participate in therapy in conjunction with taking their effective medication. It would be myopic of me to assume that bipolar disorder will neer affect me as a therapist. If I am not aware of my moods while I am having either a depressive or manic episode I may become irritable with or place my own perceptions onto a client. Ethically, to manage the risks involved with being a therapist who has bipolar disorder, I need to do much than take medication and participate in therapy.According to Biegel, Brown, Shapiro (2007), a therapist should practice self-care, including self-awareness and self-regulation or coping. I infer that when I am practicing, it will be self-awareness that will assist me most in terms of risk management. As an unbiased observation of my inner experience and behavior, self-awareness could also serve as an alarm to signal that I need to take appropriate actions whether to notify my supervisor, limit, or suspend my professional responsibilities. When referring to self-awareness Corey, Corey, Callanan (2008, p. 44) state that without it mental health professionals are likely to obstruct the progress of their clients as the focus of therapy shifts from meeting the clients needs to meeting the needs of the therapist. To assist with my self-awareness, I throw to utili ze mindfulness. Mindfulness, as defined by Campbell and Christopher (2012, p. 215), refers to a state of being aware, with acceptance, of thoughts, emotions, and sensations as they arise. I soon practice various mindfulness exercises in therapy to assist with my mood disorder and coping strategies.To be a positive and healthy professional counselor I will continue with mindfulness exercises throughout my course and my life. I plan on practicing this daily, on my own time, so that I will be able to avow when I am having moods or episodes that need to be addressed.Mindfulness will be additionally useful, as counselors need to be immediately cognizant of signs of stress and burnout and address these immediately to practice counseling ethically (Bradley, Brogan, Brogan, Hendricks, 2009, p. 358). By being mindful and self-aware I will be able to strike the symptoms of stress and burnout as well as any number of potentially harmful feelings.Ethics Code that Does Not Present a Challe ngeAccording to the ACA Code of Ethics (2005), section C.2.f Continuing reading, counselors recognize the need for continuing education to acquire and maintain a reasonable level of awareness of current scientific and professional information in their fields of activity. The ACA Code of Ethics (2005) section C.2.f Continuing Education also states that counselors take steps to maintain competence in the skills they use, are open to new procedures, and guard current with the diverse populations and specific populations with whom they work.Personal Relevant HistoryIn my experience while on the job(p) in behavioral health, training always has been emphasized and mandated yearly. During the four years that I spent operative at a residential treatment center, I had accumulated more than 500 hours of training. While working at a group home for a year, I had gone through more than100 hours of training. In the past year while working as a youth and family specialist I have completed an a dditional 60 hours of training. Although I found many of the training sessions over the years to be fairly repetitive, there were also several trainings providing completely new knowledge to me and therefore effective to assisting me while working with clients. Examples of recent effective trainings include crisis prevention intervention, compassion fatigue, cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adults, and behavioral health documentation.Future ConsiderationsAccording to the ACA Code of Ethics (2005), Preamble, inherently held values that guide our behaviors or exceed prescribed behaviors are deeply ingrained in the counselor and developed out of personal dedication, rather than the mandatory requirement of an external organization. To me this statement means that as a professional counselor I will further my educationand knowledge of skills because I extremity to and not because an agency I work at mandates it. I do not believe that when one finishes school, they have co mpleted learning, especially if they work in behavioral health. There are always new diagnoses, methods, and forms of treatment coming out that I inadequacy to be learn to better meet the needs of my future clients. In a mail-in survey make of 1000 licensed professional counselors conducted in 2009 pertaining to counseling grief stricken clients, Granello, Ober, Wheaton (2012) found that the majority of the participants stated they were unprepared when it came to specific skills and lacked knowledge to address those with grief.Counselors who received training rated themselves as more competent than those who did not, with more training related to higher levels of self-perceived competence (Granello et al., 2012, p. 158). Another study conducted by Jameson, Poulton, and Stadter (2007), involved 38 therapists and evaluated the effect of a two-year continuing education program on their knowledge, skills, and application. The majority (74%) felt the training helped them think clearly and specifically, both about assessment issues and specific interventions (Jemeson et al., 2007, p. 113).It is clear when reading these findings that further training can only help a professional to work with more specific needs of their clientele. Although all agencies have mandatory trainings, I have observed that there are hundreds of additional trainings offered yearly for any counselors who want to attend voluntarily. I plan to be a counselor who takes the opportunities offered to further educate myself, in order to improve myself and to provide my clients with a better and more knowledgeable version of me.ConclusionIn summation, I have examined a potentially personally challenging section of the ACA Code of Ethics, risk management strategies that I plan to utilize, and a section of the ACA Code of Ethics that aligns with my personal beliefs. Examining my personal experiences and traits that may conflict with the ACA Code of Ethics, I am better preparing myself to prevent any effects they may have had toward my future clients. It is essential to me that I continue to learn and apply the knowledge I gain in graduate school and additional educational settings to improve myself as a person and as a professional counselor.ReferencesAmerican Counseling Association (2005). ACA Code of Ethics. Alexandria, VA Author. Biegel, G.M., Brown, K.W., Shapiro, S.L. (2007). Teaching self-care to caregivers Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on the mental health of therapists in training. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 1(2), 105-115.Bradley, L.J., Brogan, W.C., Brogan, C., Hendricks, B. (2009). Shelly a case study focusing on ethics and counselor wellness. Family Journal, 17(4), 355-359. Campbell, J.C., Christopher, J.C. (2012). Teaching mindfulness to create effective counselors.Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 34(3), 213-226.Corey, G., Corey, M.S., Callanan, P. (2008). Issues and ethics in the helping professions ( 8thed.). Belmont , CA Brooks/Cole Cengage LearningGranello, D.H., Ober, A.M., Wheaton, J.E. (2012). Grief counseling an investigating ofcounselor training, experience, and competencies. Journal of Counseling andDevelopment, 90(2), 150-159.Griswold, K.S., Pessar, L.F. (2000). Management of bipolar disorder. American Family Physician, 62(6), 1343-1353.Jameson, P., Poulton, J., Stadter, M. (2007). Sustained and sustaining continuing education fortherapists. Psychotherapy, 44(1), 110-114.Rheineck, J.E., Steinkuller, A. (2009). A review of evidence-based therapeutic interventionsof bipolar disorder. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 31(4), 338-350.

Clarion Boys Case Essay Example for Free

Clarion Boys Case EssayOne problem in the Clarion check for Boys case is that employees did not have enough discipline on the formation. On the survey taken, most employees responded that they were displease with the training they had received and most had training of only 1-3 hours. Since there was little training given on the system, the users were uncomfortable using it. It seemed that if they could not figure something out, they would give up and go back to doing it the old way. The bookkeeper commented, I have been trying to finish this months books for the last two days, but I am having the same problems as last month. The accounts receivable software program is still giving me difficulties. I consider Ill just do them by hand this month. When the system was first installed, the staff was excited about(predicate) it but as time passed and there was no learning progression of the system, people became bored with it and stop using it as very much.Another comment made by the education supervisor was, in that respect was a lot of initial excitement about e-mail, but I havent heard much about it since then. I know Ive been too busy to lean it myself, and I missed the training sessions because of other meetings. I personally worked with a compevery where a new system was implemented and because of the drop of training and tutorials, there were major problems. For months the system was incorrect, do many hours of overtime as well as many mess ups that had to be corrected. Familiar to this case, there was not a project of action nor any goals set or a timeline for certain projects to be mastered.There was a lack of training causing the staff to have little confidence in their abilities to work the system. This problem falls under strategical planning. One component of strategic planning is training. Under strategic planning, the employees should be encouraged to be prompt in the system. They should be encouraged through training programs and hel p sessions. The team should establish goals and time lines of what they necessitate to have accomplished by a specific date.In this case, there was not a schematic plan or measures set. They were not able to judge how they were doing because they did not make a strategic plan to begin. I think this is a minor problem. I think the major problem is that once the system was implemented, there was no enforcement created. It seemed that the users did not want to get out of their comfort zone and learn something new. There was not much communication at the beginning and everyone seemed to be doing their own thing.

Ontology in Anselm, Descartes and Kant Essay Example for Free

Ontology in Anselm, Descartes and Kant EssayOntology is a purported proof that God exists. The ontology provided by St. Anselm in the el until nowth century set the standard in Western thought, and on which tout ensemble subsequent ontology assay to measure itself. Before the renaissance and the age of former it was generally agreed that only a dissipate would deny the macrocosm of God. Accordingly the ontology of St. Anselm employs the attitude of a fool meaning some one without any(prenominal) of the higher concepts of philosophy as the crux of the argument. The argument commences with a definition of God Now we desire that the Lord is something than which nonhing greater behind be thought (81). The association made is to saint, for only in perfection can we conceive nonhing beyond. In traditional attempts at ontology the strategy was to find God amongst the magnanimousness of his creation. Anselm, however, eschewed the evidence of experience and tried to affect a proof from pure thought. It is identifyd in the coping of a simpleton, and in this way is made to appear as stemming from the innate mind, and not clouded by the errors of perceptual understanding.Anselms fool wants to cling to the idea that God is not But such godlessness does not strangle the thought processes inside the head. It necessarily searches for perfection, that cosmos the natural inclination of man, which is to seek happiness, comfort, clubhouse, and so on. Can the fool imagine perfection, asks Anselm. The answer is that he cannot. For whatever ideal it fixes on, the mind surges past it for something til now better. However, this relentless ascendancy within the mind presages the existence of perfection therein, for another(prenominal)wise the mind chases after nothing. Now, since we ease up already identified perfection with God, the mind imagines God, and indeed strives towards it.Existence in the mind will not suffice as ontology. Therefore, as the contermin ous step in the argument, Anselm attempts to measure the idea with reality. We must next consider whether that which has been imagined as perfect has a corresponding reality beyond the mind. If it does not then we give birth a contradiction. For being in the mind alone we are then able to imagine something even greater than it. That which was imagined as perfect now turns out have something that is more perfect than it. Anselm is sure that he has found a contradiction here. So he proceeds to conclude Therefore, there is no dubiety that something than which a greater cannot be thought exists both in the understanding and in reality (82).Descartes, though largely accepting this ontology, doesnt accept the contradiction derived in the final step. He argues that reality has not been introduced at all, but only an idea if reality. In the final analysis the entire ontology is taking place in the head. It is an imagined God that Anselm proves, says, Descartes, not a real one. His correcti on, whence, was to consider the phenomenal world after all. In this manner he laid out what has famously come to be known as Cartesian discredit. The world of sensory experience, when examined philosophically, naturally induces uncertainty, for all perspectives are subjective. It is impossible to construe an objective ca-ca subjective sensory experience.But instead of holding back doubt Descartes stomachs it full reign. He starts to seek what else can be doubted. Soon it is found that not only material reality, but also all the perceptions and ideas of the mind must also be doubted, for they all stem from the same faculty of understanding. But his doubt reach must come to and end eventually, when he comes to consider consciousness itself. Descartes discovers that he is unable to doubt the I, for it is the I itself that is doubting, i.e. thinking. Thus his famous conclusion, Cogito, ergo sum I think, therefore I am (68). From the proof of self-existence to the proof of God is a simple step. A self that is subject to doubt is imperfect, and therefore implies the existence of Creator who is perfect.Kant, in turn, comes to dismiss both these attempts at ontology on the simple premise that existence is not a predicate. In other words, it is meaningless to say simply God is. Our concepts of understanding allow us to apply conclude in the form of sentences that contain both subject and predicate. So that we can say that God is good, or that God is merciful. But simply God is is not meaningful, and human understanding does not allow such speculation. In effect, Kant is saying that ontology is not possible.This is in coincide with the rest of Kants philosophy, which emphasizes that we are not able to suppose on the noumenal world, i.e. on things in themselves. He describes three categories of noumena the soul, the material world, and God, the last being the source of the first two. Therefore God is definitely pop out of Kants philosophical scheme, only that he remains beyond human understanding, and we cannot even pronounce on God is the simplest form God is. Just as we cannot know anything about the soul, or the material world, as things in themselves, but only come to know the consequences of them.Our understanding is limited to the phenomenal world, where practical reason applies. Kant also speculates on the existence of a transcendental pure reason, that which overcomes the anomalies of practical reason. Pure reason is identified as an end in itself, and is thus identified with perfection. He stipulates it as a good imperative that we pursue pure reason as the highest goal. Yet he refuses to identify this perfection with God, and differs with Anselm on this point. He also differs with Descartes cogito, ego sum, and complains that logic is being applied to derive existence, the rationale being that the part cannot be used to explain the whole.The least objectionable ontology, in my opinion, is that of St. Anselms. To make this po int I will show that the refutations put forward by Descartes and Kant are not appropriate. Descartes complaint was that the proof given(p) by Anselm is wholly ideal, without reference to the phenomenal world to give it substance. But Anselm does indeed refer to the phenomenal world, when he introduces the postulate that the ideal of perfection has no corresponding existence in the real world. In fact on this postulate the entire argument hinges, for it is used to derive the contradiction, from whence the ontology ensues. Cartesian doubt a merely a long-winded way of coming to the same conclusion.Kants complaint, on the other hand, is not really an argument at all, but rather a boast that he has not has to use the words God exists anywhere in his philosophy. For to pick on the grammar of God exists on the excuse that the noumenal world is unknowable is taking matters too strictly. Even accepting Kants theory, it is not right that we intermit from pronouncing the existence of God. He may not have done so explicitly, but Kant does indeed pronounce of the existence of God in the implicit sense. As a moralistic precept to action he gives us the savourless imperative I am never to act otherwise than so that I could also will that my maxim should become a universal law (13).The universal law is pertaining to the moral law, which is described as an end itself, and therefore is no different from the idea of perfection. An imperative is only categorical when it works universally, without contingency. To paraphrase Kant, the rationale of human existence is to pursue the moral life in order to attain to perfection, in other words, God. Other than the fastidious insistence of grammar, Kant does not really object to Anselms ontology. With both Descartes and Kants objections discredited, Anselms ontology must stand as the best, being the simplest and most intuitive.Works CitedAnselm. basal Writings. Translated by Thomas Williams. Boston Hackett Publishing, 2007.Descar tes, Rene. Meditations on First Philosophy With Selections from the Objections and Replies. Translated by John Cottingham. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1996.Kant, Immanuel. Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals. Whitefish, MT Kessinger Publishing, 2004.

Auto Mobile vs Amusement Park Safety Essay Example for Free

Auto Mobile vs Amusement Park Safety demonstrateAutomobiles today are built with many a(prenominal) different safety features, and these are so the person(s) within the vehicle do not get injured and or killed. Also these features are not to only nourish the people(s) only if also the company that the automobile came from, so for example if someone was driving a motorcar and got into a serious wreck and the air bags did not deploy therefore injuring the victim then they could work on the automobile company for money, a new car, pain and suffering, etc. Some of these safety features include Brakes, Airbags, piece of ass belts, and more. When talking about brake system in a car youre going to want to lie with what it is your getting because there are many different options in brakes, some examples of this being your regular brakes like you push down the peddle softly and the car with start to slow down or Anti-Lock Brakes or ABS, The primary purpose of anti-lock brakes is to prevent a cars wheels from locking during panic braking.By allowing the car to slow in a more controlled manner, the driver can often maintain crack steering control and avoid an accident. Brakes can easily be interpreted by New long tons commencement law of motion which states that every object go forth remain at stand-in or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the exertion of an external force. So a car is miserable along the road and the car steps of the hired gunolene now the car will eventually stop from the friction of the pavement to the tires but lets say it doesnt.So while the car is moving at the speed you let off the gas the car will keep moving at the self same(prenominal) speed unless acted on by an fence force which in this case are the brakes. Know the brakes are applied and what brakes do is they but force of the tiers of the car and that produces friction on the tiers which in term slow the tires down indeed slo wing the car down. Airbags in a car are extreme safety features because they keep a person(s) from potentially coming out of the front window shtup belts will also do the same but with a little more added protection.So say a car were to hit you from toilet what would happen? Well besides your car being wrecked. The body(s) would start moving forward. This is because of part of Newtons first law of motion which states a body at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted upon by another force. So your car is sitting at a stop light but the car behind you does not stop so they run into the back of you well your body will fly forward. Because you were at rest and then a force came and pushed you out of rest therefore moving you in the same direction as the car that hit you.So the air bag and seat belt are there to stop you from flying forward and getting severely injured. Amusement jet rides and cars absorb some of the same safety features and even if there not called the same thing th ey do the same thing for example a seat belt in a car is the same as the harness on a roll coaster. In my opinion I find roller coasters safer then cars because there are equipped with the same features but there are few international forces to mess with it unlike a car.Because unless due to a technical problem a roller coaster pram will not smash into another roller coaster cart. Amusement park rides also have brakes most of these are more heavy duty breaks then car but then again your taking a one ton car vs. a potentially one hundred ton ride so youre going to need that extra power to help. Some would argue that to many safety features on an amusement park ride can take the shakiness away, I would have to disagree with that because I myself have been on many and I feel thrill every bingle time.But in a ride if there are many safety features then universal then that will typically mean that the ride is potentially more dangerous than a lesser safety featured ride and this c an be because of high speeds, higher altitudes and so on. So if you bring forth to a ride with many safety features its not because they want to take away the thrill but because they want to make you safe and once again like automobile companys not get sued.

Explaining the Goal of Financial Management and the Role of Ethics Essay Example for Free

Explaining the Goal of Financial Management and the Role of ethical motive EssayIt has always been the goal of the financial managers to maximize the wealth of the shareholders of the firm. That is to say, we maximize the potential benefits that the firms stakeholders get by increasing the value of the firm in which these shareholders have taken the peril of place to. According to Ingram (1992), the worth of a company is dependent on the capacity of the assets to produce gold flows oer a period of time.This means that if the firm is able to generate a positive net cash flow including a reasonable dividend to its owners, then it said that value is created. Firms breast two kinds of profits. They are invoice profits and economic profits. Maximizing accounting profits normally refers to the general corporate goal of increase profits as maximizing economic profits generally refers to maximizing the shareholders wealth.Ingram (1992) has tell them by defining accounting profits as the income accumulated after the overall cost is deducted from the overall revenue before the payment to shareholders is debateed and economic profits as the income accumulated after compensating for the factors of production such as capital, labor and others. Moreover, she differentiated the two by saying that accounting profit does not consider all the factors of production as economic profit does and that it also does not consider compensating the shareholders for taking the risk in investing in the firm.Maximizing wealth does not consequently mean that the firm has to face an unethical decision making. It is still up to the firm as to how it will perform this task. As concord to Goizueta (1997), everyone in the company would be better of if it plans for a long-term goal rather than a short-run goal. Through this, the firm can still plan on how it will maximize the wealth and at the same time be consistent with ethical standards.

The Chemistry of Hair Coloring Essay Example for Free

The Chemistry of Hair Coloring EssayThe first thing that comes to mind when hatful see sensory vibrissa color is beauty. But, what most do not realize is that chemistry plays a major role in many everyday products. What makes the colors so pretty and attractive? How can pigsbreadth color effect synthetic hairs-breadth? The question I want to answer is what are the effect of hair color on synthetic hair? I chose this topic because I wanted to charter how to color hair and apply it to chemistry. Hair coloring is a form of organic and inorganic chemistry. original chemistry involves carbon, whereas inorganic chemistry does not.Hair color is (or can be) a permanent chemical that is use to put a specific color in hair for vanity, or any other cause. on that point are various types of hair color such as permanent, semi- permanent, rinses, and bleaches. Schuller is also known as the crack of LOreal, the worlds leading country in cosmetics and beauty. But, even before th erefore, people engage been coloring their hair for centuries. Many things that were used as medium were plants and minerals that have contained henna (temporary), and black walnut shells. Also, many of these techniques are used in modern-day salons.Such techniques include adding foil in the hair for a let out outcome. My meditation is that if I apply hair color to two kinds of synthetic hair (Milky Way Shake n Go, Sample A and Express Lock Sleek, Sample B), then there will be a better outcome on Sample B. I believe that my hypothesis is correct because Sample A is a less expensive brand. The brand matters because the more expensive the hair, the better the quality. So, what is synthetic hair? Synthetic hair is material that appears to be hair, but is actually made of non-human fibers such as Kanekalon, which is man-made hair, and Mono-fiber.Synthetic hair is commonly called weave. The fibers are flammable and can spark a fire in no less than ten seconds if exposed to an open flame. Before I started my experimentation, I gathered my materials. The materials needed for this experiment were I used two types of hair color, Bigen (Blue Black) and Bigen(Light Chestnut) (box containing the dye powder), gloves, mixed bag bowl, body of water, dampen brush, and a comb. I used two types of synthetic hair, Milky Way Shake n Go (Sample A) and Milky Way SAGA (Sample B). But, since I am not coloring an actual persons hair I dont need shampoo, conditioner, tipping cap, or a comb.When I started the experiment, first, I pulled back my hair and took off any loose accessories. Next, I put on gloves and a smock to protect my flake off from chemicals. After I was covered completely, I started the experiment. First, I poured the dye powder into a plate since I did not have a mixing bowl. Next, I got a half of a cup of water and mixed it with the powder. After the ascendant was evenly mixed, I let it sit for about one minute. I cut the samples in half to have data on my board. When the samples were cut in half, I took the wash brush and covered the samples with color.When the color was on the hair, I had to let them sit for thirty proceedings. When the thirty minutes passed, I rinsed the hair twice each and set them in sandwich bags labeled A and B. When the experiment was over, I cleaned all of the tools I used and my area off. When going back over what I did in my experiments I recorded my observations. In the experiment, when I was mixing the hair color, as I mixed the solution got thicker and thicker. The hair that I used was very thin and soft. What are the effects of hair color on synthetic hair?My hypothesis was that if I apply hair color to two kinds of synthetic hair, then there will be a better outcome on Sample B. I judgment that my hypothesis was right because Sample A is a less expensive type of hair. My hypothesis was jilted because although Sample A was less expensive, it was thicker and could take in more color that Sample B. My results did not set up my hypothesis. In the experiment, I learned that coloring hair is strongly related to chemistry. It is related to chemistry because it requires mixing chemicals and creating new solutions.

Attitude Survey Essay Example for Free

Attitude view EssayIn certain situations, it is important for psychologists to project the attitudes of people on different issues. Attitude evaluates are how psychologists gather learning ab show up attitudes of people. Then, they take this information and turn the results into empirical evidence to back up the theory or question that is impending. A someones attitude can affect thought and behavior processes such as cognitive thinking, activated reaction, and physical behaviors (Hogan, 2007). For my survey, I used the Likert method of attitude home base to develop my attitude assessment. I valued to find what the attitude of smokers and non-smokers have about the dope ban in restaurants. This paper pull up stakes ascertain and discuss the development of my survey, administration process, scoring of the surveys, and the interpretation of the scores. Also, issues that I had while designing the survey will be discussed.Attitude SurveyThe development of my survey was ta ken from an issue that I person solelyy was kindle in because I am a smoker. When the ban first became a law, I heard legion(predicate) people, including myself complain about the right to have a skunk section in restaurants for individuals who smoked. The ban has right off been in effect for a few years, and I wanted to find out if smokers and non-smokers attitudes had changed on this issue.Survey DesignIn designing my survey, I used the Likert scale because I felt it would be the beat out way to gather the information I needed. This survey was designed to see how people view smoking in restaurants. These questions were reacted by 6 different people, of which 3 were smokers and 3 were non-smokers. The surveyors were asked to answer each question by stating strongly agree, agree, undecided, disagree, or strongly disagree. The numerical scores for each question range from-2 to +2. garbage disposal, Scoring, and Interpreting ResultsAdministration consisted of me going to neighbo rs doors and asking them eleven questions about the smoking ban. I wanted to sham sure that there were not so many questions that it would take too long. The length of time administering the examen helped in getting people to take the time to answer these few short questions. The neighbors I chose were already acquainted with me as well, and that helped them to be comfortable and willing to answer my survey questions.For the scoring of the survey the set out the score the lower the satisfaction of the ban, and the higher the score implies the higher level of satisfaction. When I designed the survey I made sure that for each unfavorable answer of strongly disagree corresponded with a invalidating feeling towards the smoking ban. When interpreting the scores, usually it is better to have a good number of participants to answer the questions because it makes it more reliable to be able to look at the trends of how the questions are answered.Preliminary Design IssuesIssues that I ha d were trying to get enough people to answer my survey questions. I also had an issue of how to framing the scores and put them into a scale. It took me a little time to understand how to correctly design and score. I also wanted to ask the right questions, as well as keep the survey questions short, so that people did not get tired of answering questions before the end however, still embrace all the basic questions needed for this survey. I also did not want the questions to be as if I were retell myself, so this took me a little while to figure out how to properly word my questions so to grasp all the information I would need for scoring and interpretation.In conclusion, the survey I chose was to find out the attitudes of people on the smoking ban in restaurants. I used the Likert method of attitude scale for my design because I felt it was the best way to assess my selected issue. I tried to create questions that would cover cognitive factors, emotional responses, and physica l behaviors in order to accurately score and interpret the attitudes about the smoking ban issue amongst smokers and non-smokers alike.ReferencesHogan, T.P. (2007). Psychological testing A practical introduction (2nded.). Hoboken, NJ Wiley.

The foreign exchange market Essay Example for Free

The foreign deputise marketplace EssayThe analysis of this paper highlights the importance on the factors that determines the foreign exchange appraises at which matchless country purchases the one unit of the another countrys currency. The foreign exchange market provides a link between the countries through which all countries are working under the umbrella of planetary trade which works more efficiently than barter. The foreign exchange market provides a hub under which one country exchanges the other countrys currency because every nation uses its own monetary unit. In this particular case, the wet is willing to make a business deal with the Japanese supplier. In entrap to accomplish the business deal the management of the Blades Inc has two choices one is to purchase two call selections contracts and the arcminute is to purchase one future(a)s contract. The tendency of futures price on yen has historicly tilted towards discount with honor to the existing piazza r ate and the watertight is willing to use currency options in order to deflect payables in Japanese yen. They prefer currency option because of the uncomfortable leaving the side of meat and also the historical volatility in the yen.But the CFO prefers the options offer everywhere forward contracts or futures contracts due to its tractability and wants to use the exercise price of 5 percent above the existing spot rate. In general, options on Yen required a premium of 1. 5 percent of the total transaction amount that would be paid if the option is exercised. Moreover, if the firm uses the future yen spot rate, then the decision is purely base on a speak to. The optimal hedging strategy is not the lowest-cost ersatz because the firm is the in the position of assessing the endangerment.The firm is working upon hedging because of prevailing unsure market condition. So the perfect confuse reduces the risk associated with the currency. B Answers of the Questions 1. The table sho ws the option choices for Blades Inc. If they are not willing to pay more than 5% (above spot rate) then the exercise price of $0. 00756 should be considered while on the respective side the premium on that particular option is 2% (more expensive) of exercise price. The option premium is higher is that respective which the firm normally willing to pay.The firm also pays a lower premium by purchasing and considering another option whose exercise price of $0. 00792 nevertheless that exercise price is 10% higher than the spot rate. This particular alternative is not feasible for the bon ton because the firm is not willing to pay moire than 5% on the prevailing spot rate. So if the firm wants continue to use option the management of the company each prefers a higher premium than it would prefer, or a higher exercise price that detains the effectiveness of the flurry. If the firm is willing to use an option then the tradeoff is paying a premium of $1,417.50 to limit the payables amo unt to $99,000 or paying a premium of $1,890 to limit the payables amount to $94,500. The preference of the option is base upon the assessment of the analyst regarding the Yen (Gerald I. White, Ashwinpaul C Sondhi, and Dov Fried ,2001). 2. Blades Inc also remains unhedged but its preference is towards hedge because of the volatile and fickle movements happen before the events. They are more desirable towards hedge because of the disruption and skepticism associated with the yens future value. Since future prices are not influenced with the doubtful and uncertain events.The management of the company should prefer the futures contracts as an alternative to options. Thus, the firm is willing to purchase future contracts which enable the management to lock up its future payments with any undue disruption (Steinherr, 1998). 3. In the market speculators who want to capitalize their aspect and arithmetic mean towards the yens future movement, then the anticipation towards future spot rate would be equalise to the futures rate. For example, if the speculator wants that Yen should appreciate they should eyeing to buy the Yen.If the Yen appreciates, the speculator buys the Yens future rate in two months and sells them at the prevailing sport rate at that particular magazine. Thus, if the market expectation and sentiments are high towards Yen then the Yen will appreciate and the all the speculators will secure in the similar action. This action enforces towards upward twinge on the future rates and downwards pressure on the expect future spot rate. This ongoing process continues until the future rate is equal to the expected future spot rate. Therefore, the expected spot rate at the point of address is equal to the future rate, $0.006912 (Tsetsekos Varangis, 1997, and, van der Bijl, 1996). 4. The best possible choice at the given future spot rate is exposit in the question 3 but the decision is solely made on the basis of cost because acquisition of one future contract makes an impact on the actual cost of $86,400 on the delivery date. The actual cost on the delivery dates in the form of purchase of Yen my deviate from this value. It is depending upon moment of Yen between the order and delivery date. Therefore, the firm probably prefers to use future contract over the remaining unhedged time. 5.No as disclose in the case the Yen is very volatile so due to that fact the actual costs might be tilting towards lower side either the firm uses an option to hedge the yen payable or remained unhedged. By applying a future contract to hedge it also locks the price of the firm which they are willing to buy Yen at the given time frame. Moreover, firm forgoes the cost advantage that effects the depreciation of Yen at the given point of time. In that particular scenario, the firm is flexible enough to buy yen at the spot rate but this flexibility is not available with the future contracts (Hunt, Philip and Kennedy, Joanne, 2004).

Current Debate Essay Example for Free

Current Debate EssayStatement of aspiration Today, networking of every kind is fuelling the momentum of change. And in the process further transforming the way we live, work and play. The interplay and interconnections between several(a) devices and systems is creating a world of surprises. To stay ahead in the fast changing world requires the ability to liveliness beyond the present. Most new developments emerge in the USA and then spread almost presently across the world. My country, India is also caught in the web of change creating exciting opportunities for youngsters of my generation. Indians are proving the worth of their merit and lotion on world platforms. The caliber to match international parameters is the vital need of the hour. This has motivated me to pursue a Masters course in Electrical Engineering at your school. You have the best research facilities, the up-to-the-minute equipment and the dynamic curriculum, which will enable me to understand and apply mod ern techniques to meet different needs. Your faculty does not only teach what is known but industriously contributes to the growth of new knowledge.Education at your constitute will equip me to keep pace with the technological revolution. I will be well disposed(p) to evolve with the demands of change. I want to learn to grow in the challenging field of schooling engine room and its related industries. I want to understand the intricacies of the wide spectrum of networking and the allied field of web-linked services. This is the one sphere, which is making the impractical of yesterday, a reality of today and going beyond to create a new tomorrow.My ambition is to steering on a career aimed at contributing to research and development in the arena of information technology. Your training will develop my expertise to manage the vital aspects of all technology with the capability to adapt, collect and add on new dimensions of my own. My academic record throughout has been outstan ding. I secured 97. 33% in the Sciences (comprising Physics, chemical science and Mathematics) in the 12th standard, thereby gaining direct admission to the Engineering institute- S.P. C. E. (Sardar Patel College of Engineering) in a highly matched field. My academic performance continued to flourish at S. P. C. E. and I consistently stood among the top rankers. I receive merit Scholarships for probity in Academics from the State Bank of India and the SIR RATAN TATA TRUST. My schedule at engineering college was change with intense study and focused work for research and a variety of technical projects. I was active on many other fronts too. I am an active member ofthe Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE). I have also been a part of the Electrical and Electronics Students Association (EESA) of my college. As an active member I was involved in organizing the EESA inaugural as well as the EESA week which consisted of seminars, presentations and various quiz competitions. I wa s also an active member of the team responsible for organizing The India Room at the college festival during the second form of my Engineering degree. This was done with the specialintention to commemorate the Golden Jubilee celebrations of Indian Independence and was the highlight of the festival. As part of the student management committee I helped in the organization of the Technical Exhibition slit at SPACE-99, our college festival. The exhibition was known for innovative presentations and I led my team to establish new benchmarks with airplane pilot creations. The exhibits ranged from educational software to automated signals and complex electronic games. The engineering curriculum gave me a strong reaching of all technical principles.Of the wide range of subjects, I was most interested in the fields of electronic computer Networking, Computer Architecture, Microprocessors and Digital Systems, as well as in the field of Parallel Processing. I wrote a Technical Paper titled A Treatise on TCP/IP and The Proposed OSI Reference Model, for an I. E. E. E. contest in K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering. This paper concentrated on the study of the TCP/IP protocol suite, and made a comparability with the proposed OSI Reference Model.My teammates and I developed software in Visual Basic to function as a visual aid in understanding the Microprocessor-8086, which was also presented at a software contest at VESIT (Vivekananda Educational Societys Institute of Technology). I must say that I was most positive whilst presenting our software to an audience of 100 comprising of both students and faculty, in fact debates and public speaking have unceasingly been my forte. My final year B. E. project concentrated on developing a Micro- controller controlled air-conditioning system utilise the fuzzy set theory.One of the most important phases of my education took place on the sports fields. Training in sports taught me the value of discipline, rigorous practice and t eamwork. There was a time when I went down in the throw out with a defeat in a match. My sports teachers taught me to rise again after every fall, which helped me to face setbacks in lifespan with courage and the ability to try again and again. Fair play and sportsmanship prepared me to win the battles of life on the basis of merit alone. Once a week, I worked as a teachers aid at a center for Adult education.I took on the challenge to introduce them to the world of basic education, wellness and hygiene, which was hitherto, something they never cared for. This brought out my creativity and taught me to share my knowledge with others. I sincerely hope that my dedication towards excellence in whatever I do, along with my outstanding academic records, qualify me for admission to your institute. I looking forward to creating my own niche in the international family of students at your school. I believe that every association will add to my all round education and prepare me for the future. Vinod Pandey

Social Work and Looked After Children | Book Review

genial take a crap and Looked After Children Book Review treat, C. Allain, L. (2008) friendly Work and Looked After Children. Exeter Learning Matters Ltd.(This is chip 8 on the list)The area of looked by and bywards children harbor received colossal attention inwardly the cordial work and policy discourse over recent years. The arrest Social Work and Looked After Children by Christine Cocker and Lucille Allain was chosen for this review be sheath it is not just another rund experience to the discourse, it represents a comprehensive and definitive submission which navigates the placement of state care for children from the moment they enter the system until the moments they leave. The area of looked by and by children is an important aspect of social work, entailing the care of extremely vulnerable young throng usu wholey suffering from trauma. Social work students usually approach the area with just ab verboten level of hero-worship and trepidation and in that loc ation was a definite absence in spite of appearance the discipline of a comprehensive sincere to use guide carry. This book is simple, but not simplistic and addresses the cell nucleus concepts within the area of looked after children robustly. It addresses interlacing issues from legislation and policy to minority issues, disability, and theoretical debates deftly. dapple the book was seemingly created for the student pr make upitioner, comprehensive span, question summary tables, bullet point tips and summaries of key materials and policies within each areas makes it a must have for both serious student and social work practitioner perpetrate to working with vulnerable children and young state.The book starts by go forthlining the relevant policies that direct work with looked after children. It good dealcelleders a comprehensive summary of the history and moral philosophy of working with looked after children and the values which underline the policies. In tandem, i t presents a statistical trajectory mapping the number of looked after children in the care system in recent years to set the nominateation for the discussions within the book. The second chapter is an excellent accompanying foundation chapter which identifies the main(prenominal) legal frameworks guiding work with looked children e.g. The Childrens spell of 1989 and the E actually Child Matters policy document of 2003. Central to the thesis in this chapter, was the emphasis that work with looked after children should attempt to bow out labels of exclusion and reinforce the entitlements of the child, according to the United Nations Conventions Rights of the Child document.The various path government agencys by which children entered the system was examined and these were con nervered in relation the existing legal frameworks and how the conditions surrounding their entry into care, should be of vital splendor to social workers whose main lay to stand the child by understand ing the entirety of their cases. The sailplaning from entry to exit of the care system, highlighted its strengths and weaknesses and in so doing zoomed in on areas where social workers motif to be especially alert, for example, in their concomitant and opinions of foster parents and the conditions of residential care homes for vulnerable children. The examination of the child assessment process, presented a chronological and in-depth look at one of the core in any casels of the social worker. Cocker and Allain focused on the important skills much(prenominal) than(prenominal) as observation, reflection and empathy needed by the social worker to deliver take up practice meeting the needs of the child and overly to build the afterlife client practitioner birth. The authors show the importance of planning the assessment by studying the childs files and reflecting on your own judgments regarding the issues appear before beginning the assessment in connection to avoid pro jecting your own values and preclude the future client relationship or create barriers to getting information which may best support the client.The book considered the importance of communication skills to the social work practitioner and in work with looked after children. It examined the regard of language on culture, the various attributes of communication patterns both verbal and non-verbal and highlighted how being able to engage the looked after child to participate in their own recovery through expression was central to successful practice. It withal highlighted the need for practitioners to recognize that their language is inclusive and does not make the looked after child feel as if they are being controlled. It implores the practitioner to be aware of the power in language and to ensure that the substance they communicate does not impart discriminatory undertones about the looked after childs vulnerable position.While the issue of ethnicity and disability is often exa mined on the fringes of the mainstream work, this book dedicates two rigorous chapters to both areas. The chapter identified the importance of cultural awareness in working with looked after children especially considering the high numbers of minority children in looked after facilities. Cocker and Allain underline the need for practitioners to be vigilant in ensuring their practice is anti-discriminatory and impressively, they also inter-group communication communication with ethnic minority looked after children as one are which is usually affected by cultural ignorance. They reason that looked after children from ethnic minorities are usually very aware that are fewtimes treated differently because of not entirely being in care but because of their ethnicity and are therefrom very attuned to individuals who are culturally ignorant of their needs. They highlight the dangers this stern pose to developing trust within the client practitioner relationship and encourage vigilanc e in this area.Also considered was how attachment issues must be interrogated within social work assessments and interventions with look after children. The authors lie withd the debates about using attachment framework with looked after children and ac sack outledged that while there is a risk of using attachment theory in a deterministic creationner with looked after children who are constantly in transition among carers, it can also be useful to build problem solving skills, coping strategies and to build self corporate trust and resilience.Also addressed were the mental health needs of looked after children and implored social work practitioners to sample out inter-agency collaboration with other specialist for much(prenominal) children. They also address the importance of education in the lives of looked after children and explore the disjointed and inconsistent educational experiences they usually experience. Social work practitioners are encouraged to support the educati onal experience of looked after children as this can help to improve their self esteem and outlook. Finally, the book looked at the issue of adoption and permanence and discussed how this process can be emotional and confusing for the looked after child. It provides great advice on how to support both adoption parents and the looked after child through the process of commute for example in working with them on how to display empathy and how to communicate with the child.In conclusion, there was a need for a comprehensive text on looked after children and as is demonstrated in this review, the areas interrogated by Cocker and Allain in this text, provides a origin-rate resource with which to study, debate and get guidelines on current issues within the subject.1What is the Most conceivable Justification of revengement?What is the Most Credible Justification of punishment?What is the Most Credible Justification of Punishment?Punishment has been a part of the human alliance ever s ince the beginning of civilization. passim the history, wrong doings or wrong acts have simply stood out like sore thumbs, greatly affecting the very emotions of man. These wrongful acts, which have been later termed as crimes, are as noticeable as kind acts but the alone difference is that the former harbours condemnation than praise penalization than reward. Man sees much(prenominal) crimes as condemnable especially those that are heinous such as rape, murder, arson, genocide and other events that puts domain into shame and the community into disarray. Wrongdoers who have been accused of committing crimes would be brought into trials to give them the chance to defend themselves. However, if they fail to do so, then the hands of referee will strike them mess and cast down on them the necessary penalty they deserve according to the legal polices created by the governing bodies. When this happens, people will say that referee has been served or that the pitiful got what he deserves. Some will feel that the penalty is necessary to avenge the man or the woman who have been seriously wronged by the wrongdoer. Other people will see that this typeface of action is necessary in localize for the criminal to realize the sins he has committed. Greek philosophers of the past realised this too early when Socrate verbalize that to serve as a corrective measure that would be of gain ground to the criminal by helping him to overcome his evil tendencies (Patterson, 1985, p.44). There would also be those who will acknowledge punishment because they will see it as slightlything that benefits the whole community or the country. For instance, when a corrupt chairman is ousted and sentenced with capital punishment, people will rejoice because they will see it as something beneficial not only to a certain individual, but to the whole country as well. These are just some of the earthy views toward punishment that can be observed in our bothday lives, from com mentaries in newspapers, news on the television receiver and the radio, to simple informal conversation with acquaintances, friends and relatives. It seems that punishment is already deeply embedded within the very core of human civilization and most have accepted this act without question. However, in a philosophical sense, punishment in all its form has many loopholes, problems and questions that need to be resolved.Existing punishment theories such as Consenquentialism and Retributivism have tried to defend the importance of punishment to human society how it can benefit the society, the dupe, and the offender or the criminal.According to Duff, cited in Hart (1968, pp.1-27), there are three justificatory issues that must be addressed in order to justify punishment. The first thing that should be asked is the general justifying aim of a system of punishment. We should identify what justifies the creation and maintenance of such a system what adept does it achieve and what avo cation does it fulfil. Next is to identify who may properly be punished. It this case, the principles or aims that should determine the allocations of punishments to individuals should be identified. Finally, the theorists should know the appropriate amount of punishment needed and the factors that would affect the severity a sentence the sentencers should impose. Duff (2004) added that philosophers should also know which concrete modes of punishment are appropriate, in general or for particular crimes.These four main questions should reveal an grateful justification of punishment. Unfortunately, each type of punishment theory offers a different type of answer to all of those questions. In this sense, the values of one may clash with the other, creating more doubt and murkiness than realization. Basically, the Retributist and the Consequentialist or a Retributist-consenquentialist all compete in providing most justifiable score of punishment. Among these three, there could be a n ormative account of punishment that is morally acceptable to society. After all, it is the responsibility of theorists to provide an acceptable explanation of this human act. However, as Duff (2004) stated, philosophers must be prepared or must be open to the startling and disturbing possibility that this pervasive human practice cannot be justified. Now, with all these issues at hand, is there a theory that best justifies punishment or is there hardly any? Is there a credible justification of punishment?Understanding Punishment and its PurposeTo have an understanding of which type of punishment offers the most credible justification of such pervasive human act, we must first have an understanding of the concept of punishment.Punishment is al right smarts coined as legal because of it is written in the legislation. Generally, it is defined it as first a cultural process and secondly a mechanism of particular institutions, of which criminal law is but one (Simon, citing from impuden tman, 1983, pp. 2-3). In a non-general specific account of legal punishment, Harts volt elements of legal punishment offers an interesting explanation the involvement of agony or other consequences that are sharp-worded the involvement of an offence against legal rules an act that is of an actual or supposed offender for his offence administered advisedly and finally, only the authorities can impose and administer such an act or in the nonagenarian clich nobody is above the law (Hart, 1968, pp.4-5 Zaibert, 2005, p.225 Gottschalk, 1999, pp.195-196).On the other hand, ideologies such as retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation offer some alternative definition of punishment (Wilson, 1975, pp.6-12 Allen, 1981, p.1 Gottschalk, 1999, pp.195-196 Hoffman, 2002, pp.1-2 Jiang et al, 2007, p.85). The different views basically shape the current application of punishment in todays world as it encompasses from an individual to a broader cultural belief. Further, these dif ferent views have their own justification of punishment.Within the definitions of punishment also come the two types laws specifically mandated for punishment civil and criminal law. Duff (2004) explains that civil law deals in part with wrongs which are non-private in that they are legally and socially declared as wrongs, but at the equal time, private in that it is up to the person who was wronged to seek legal redress. On the other hand, a criminal case refers to a case between the accused criminal and the whole political community, the state or the people, and the defendant (Duff, 2004). Nonetheless, Duff (2004) explained that it is difficult to advert the civil from the criminal law. The problem is to determine which crimes should be accepted as public and which crimes should be accepted as private ones. Should it be that all crimes are both public and private in a sense that it has wronged both the norm and the individual? Should the crime committed against the society be th e crowning(prenominal) justifiable explanation of punishment or should it be more focused on the crime committed against the individual? It can be argued that none of these accounts are credible enough to justify punishment since from every angle, it is also an act that the society abhors and it is a horrifying gruesome act if not mandated by law. McDermott (2001, p.403) stated that punishment is morally troubling because it almost always causes human suffering. For instance, throughout the history of punishment in the United States, those who had committed the most severe forms of crimes have suffered in cruel and fearful regularitys such as hanging during 1853, the electric chair, the gas chamber, and the latest most human type of capital punishment, the fatal injection (Turley, 2008, p.13a). Means of punishment have changed over time but the ends have always been the akin bringing pain to the sentenced. Even though the government titles that new forms of punishment are le ss painful such as the lethal injection, cases of botched executions are still taking place causing much more pain to the punished (Turley, 2008, p.13a). Basically, the cries of the society to abolish the death penalty or to lessen the pain that is involved with it also shows that humans can instinctively feel uncomfortable that such acts are intimately as heinous and horrible as the acts committed by the criminal. Nonetheless, it can be strongly argued that to detest punishment as much as to detest the crimes committed by the criminal is a self-serving act that is against order. Detesting punishment for its moral grounds can be argued as something that is on the side of social disorder rather than order simply because there is no alternative means to instigate order other than punishment. The utilitarian nature is perhaps the most credible justification of punishment since it is not delimited by individual feelings or emotions, but rather by a cluster of feelings and emotions. A llowing criminals to roam throw in in the streets may be a moral act of compassion but it does not remove the fact that these criminals are dangerous and there is a very real risk that they may cause further damage to the society. Of course, this characteristic is also evident within the retributivist principle but its aim is more on the individual rather than the best of the majority. Kant stated that even though it is not for the good of all, a wrongdoer must still be punished for the benefit of the wronged (Kant and Hastie, 1790, p.82 Barber, 1994, pp.246-250). For Kant, the moment an individual does an inequitable act he already gives himself the right to punished (Kant and Hastie, 1790, p.82 Barber, 1994, pp.246-250).The Retributivists ViewRetributivism is a theory of punishment that argues people should always and only be treated as ends and never as means, and that are the actions of government legalize only to the degree to which they are consistent with this model of cit izenry (Clear, 1994, pp.8-9). The belief that the state should inflict deadening in order to confirm the moral order established by the laws of the state is the purist view of retributivism. Retributivism puts more importance on the moral grounds compared to the classic utilitarian view, which more on the political side (Clear, 1994, pp.8-9). The retributivist believes that punishment is necessary because it is simply deserved by the offender (Walker, 1991, Clear, 1994, pp.8-9). The main theme of this theory is the sure-enough(a) clich eye for an eye, within which it promotes revenge, just deserts and practices fairness and proportionality. The retributivist belief is the backbone of the levels of punishment that our society currently has from the petty illegal parking fine to the severe capital punishment. The theory shows that the harshness of punishment should be proportionate to seriousness of the crime (Hoffman, 2000, p.1). However, if this is the case, then punishment is no thing more than a stainless personal vendetta executed with the help of the state. This reasoning basically limits punishments benefit to the victim alone. But in contrast to this generalization, Ten (1993, p.43) argued that Retributive punishment is only inflicted on the wrongdoer, whereas revenge is sometimes inflicted on an innocent person close to the revengee, either because this is an easier target or because it is thought that this would hurt the revengee more.Retributivism has some serious problems that are not evident in some punishment theories like utilitarianism. Retributivist has the hard hypothecate of explaining why it is more than mere vindictiveness to punish offenders rather than use these seemingly more gracious alternatives (Bennett, 2004, p.325).As Dewey pointed out in his theory of punishment when we are concerned with morality, we are concerned with developing the future responsible agency of a person, and thus moral education is the relevant practice invo lved (Dewey cited In Shook, 2004, p.69). Retributivism is not concerned with the future responsible agency of the offender because its objective is to end it by inflicting the akin amount of damage inflicted on the offended. In this case, critics can strongly argue that retributivist offer a non-credible explanation on why punishment is necessary, both morally and politically. According to its critics, its moral flaw lies in its wishing of regard to the humanity of the offender while its political flaw lies in its lack of regard for the society at large. However, the stance of this paper is against those views simply because a consequentialist can inflict the same amount of punishment as a retributivist could inflict if the situation grants it. For instance, a state that punishes an angry soldier marching down the street for protest just because it can promote sedition can also have the same weight as punishing an important public figure who has wronged the public in many managea ble ways. The soldier can be subjected to torture and imprisonment as forms of punishment, and these acts can basically strip off the soldier any possible future possible agency of change since to his belief, the State tells only lies and teaches its beliefs that are a sacrilege to its own (as when corruption and bribery within government is accepted as human beings and the norm). In other words, kind is a complex word that is soon enough to be defined by both the consenquentialist and the retributivist. What may be humane to another person may not be humane to another and so on. The point is that no matter how some scholars defend the idea of punishment as a mere tool for control, its methods of punishment can be as inhumane as those of the retributivists.The complexity of ConsequentialismConsenquentialism seems to be just an excuse for those are in power to demonstrate their power without any regards to its citizens. Its first component is that an action or institution is righ t if it maximally achieves whatever are naturalally good states of affairs while minimizing whatever are intrinsically bad states of affairs (Katz, 1999, p.64). The other component stresses that well-being is the only sort of thing that is intrinsically good (Katz, 1999, p.64).Thus, this theory claims that together and alone, people only act to maximize delight (Kunz, 1998, p.10).However, maximizing happiness simply means minimizing those who suffer. In other words, consenquentialism does not aim for the equality of nicety but more on the biased side of favouring those flocks of people who think that this is the way to maximize happiness. Aside from being biased, it also puts those in power untouched by this so-called punishment since they can easily reason out that ousting or punishing them will have a negative impact on, say, the economy. Bell (1993, pp.118-122) supports this rationale when he stated that consequentialism promotes abuse in power of empowerment figure because they can easily justify that what is done is for the good of the majority. Basically, these people in power can develop an unsympathetic stance for reformists and revolutionists as it mutes the critique of society and restricts possibilities of action by beginning with the way things and people are.Further since to consenquentialists claims about maximizing happiness, they then refer to digits results that can be statistically tested. However, it seems that statistical tests were not in their favour. It was found that the calculation of net social wellbeing that utilitarianism demands often cannot be equated with the intuitive demands of justice (Moore, 1999, p.64). Furthermore, it has been argued that sometimes innocence is sacrificed for the general welfare, while the guilty are freed in order to meet what is perceived as good for all (Moore, 1999, p.64).Comparison of views in justifying punishmentConsenquentialism is far too complex to justify punishment as compared to the simpl icity and straightforwardness of retributivism. Because of the larger and more general claim of consenquentialism, it is in a position where it has to prove its claims of maximized happiness through generalized means. However, according to Katz (1999, p.64-69), consenquentialists are yet to prove this. Even the concept of deterrence, a claimed benefit of consenquentialism, has its share of loopholes that are difficult to explain. In a specific study that tried to prove the impact of deterrence, data on state homicide rates were employed and execution rates between 1976 and 1997 were examined across 50 states and the District of Columbia were estimated. The study found that that the death penalty indeed helps (to) deter criminal acts (Yunker, 2001, p.310). Further, the relationship between deterrence and homicide rates was also criticized because only relatively few supportive data exists (Simson, 2001, pp.306-307). Simson (2001, pp.306-307) stated that most case studies failed to em phasize the relationship between the two variables. Also, Walker (1991, p.52) supports the claims that deterrence is unsupported statistically.On the other hand, retributivistic punishment only limits its case within the offender and the victim. If the victim becomes satisfied after he or she heard or witnessed the punishment of his or her offender, then the goals of retributivism have been achieved. Deterrence is basically not the aim, rather, the restoration of the dignity of the victim by inflicting the same level of punishment to the offender. The individuals happiness, although not the main cause of happiness of the country as a whole, is a beginning that may spend a penny more ripples of happiness that outwardly affects others in society. For instance, it may signal the development of a fair and equal justice system where all who have committed serious crimes will be punished no matter how powerful he or she might be. Retributivism also is more ethical because it answers to i ndividual sins and crimes rather than on a enigmatic and complex common good that consenquentialists claim. It does not disguise itself as justice because it is in fact justice to victim unlike consenquentialism that can be used as a mask to hide the legality or to twist and distort the beliefs of those who are weak.ConclusionOn the whole, retributivism is more honest and more gossamer than consequentialism since it only concerns giving legal retribution to those who are victimized. However, Retributivism still needs to explain several points, such as proving why wrongdoers deserve to suffer (Shafer-landau, 2000, p.210). Further, it needs to emphasize and justify how the level of punishment metered out to the offender can possibly equal that of the crime inflicted on the victim. For instance, how would a retributivist punish a raper? Sexually violating the rapist may not be a good idea and the retributivist must project another alternative punishment to somehow level it with d amaged caused to the victim (Waldron cited in Shafer-landau, 2000, pp.197). Others might argue that the retributivist principle is one that is cold-hearted and has no concern for the welfare of the criminal (Bennett, 2002). Finally, retributivism has been interpreted as a backwards belief that has no regard for the common good (Bennett, 2002. p.148). Basically, retributivism receives as nearly as much review as the less favoured theory in this paper, consenquentialism. However, the consenquentialist must answer on how it could actually give justice to the victim without inflicting too much punishment on the criminal. There is perhaps no answer to this since the very core of punishment is inflicting pain on the offender as a form of justice for the victim. Considering the welfare of the offender may take away the feeling of satisfaction from a justice-thirsty victim. Consenquentialism seems like a wolf in sheeps clothing where it pretends to be the better alternative but the reali ty is it is just as lacking as retributivism. It presents an almost perfect view that happiness may be maximized, but in reality, ends up providing the retribution the victim needs but with less weight or more humane as they claim. Duff (2000) even stated that the utilitarian principle of maximizing happiness is only a fantasy because the consenquentialist should figure out how much pleasure, and how much pain, various possible practices and policies are likely to produceand then somehow add the pleasures, add the pains, and weigh them against each other The acceptance of the consenquentialists method of punishing the innocent for the benefit of good is also morally unacceptable. Again, Duff (2000) explained that even if we would, in some extreme situation, recognize that an innocent must be punished, we would also realize that this involved a crucial moral cost, a significant wrong done to the innocent person, which the utilitarian cannot recognize. (i.e. that the end justifies th e means). They cannot recognize the intrinsic wrong of injustice that is done to an innocent scapegoat for what it is. 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